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UNI 


IN 

GEOLOGY 


Vol.  I,  No.  3,  pp.  1-56,  pis.  8-12 


June,  192 


FAUNA  FROM  THE  EOCENE 
OF  WASHINGTON 


by 

CHARLES  E.  WEAVER 

and 

KATHERINE  VAN  WINKLE  PALMER 


SEATTLE,  WASH. 

UNIVERSITY  OP  WASHINGTON 

19  2 


Uaw  A&mrv,  UC  Sortto  Grin  V987 


tSumlMfSmlSlnSm^nm 


'igitizei 
in  2007  with  funding  from 
Microsoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/faunaeoceneOOweavrich 


o  «*«  ir  John  B.  Reeside,  Jr. 

j,  B.  Reeside.  *r.  .....      .. 

*  Memorial  Library 


UNIVERSITY  OF  WASHINGTON  PUBLICATIONS 

IN 

GEOLOGY 

Vol.  I,  No.  3,  pp.  1-56,  pis.  8-12  June,  1922 


FAUNA  FROM  THE  EOCENE 
OF  WASHINGTON 


by 

CHARLES  E.  WEAVER 

and 

KATHERINE  VAN  WINKLE  PALMER 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Introduction    1 

Faunal  Localities  in  Western  Washington   2 

Description   of   New   Species    6 

Plates 46 


INTRODUCTION 

The  purpose  of  this  paper  is  to  place  on  record  the  description  and  illus- 
tration of  new  fossil  molluscan  species  from  the  Eocene  formations  of  western 
Washington.  For  several  years  the  writers  have  been  engaged  in  an  investigation 
of  the  Washington  Eocene,  the  results  of  which  are  to  be  published  in  a  strat- 
igraphical  and  faunal  history  of  the  Eocene  of  the  Northwest.  Extensive 
collections  were  made  from  the  Eocene  formations  of  Washington  as  well  as 
those  of  Oregon.  These  were  in  every  case,  where  possible,  tied  into  strati- 
graphic  sections.  A  preliminary  study  of  the  faunas  was  made  in  the  paleon- 
tological  laboratory  of  the  University  of  California.  Later  the  material  was 
divided  into  duplicate  collections,  one  of  which  was  retained  by  the  senior  writer 
for  study  in  the  paleontological  laboratory  of  the  University  of  Washington 
and  the  other  by  the  junior  author  at  Cornell  University.  Accordingly  there 
has  been  opportunity  for  study  and  comparison  with  the  marine  Eocene  of 
California  as  well  as  with  that  of  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf.  Of  the  new  species 
recognized  as  a  result  of  these  investigations,  sixty-four  are  described  in  this 
report.  A  list  of  faunal  localities  in  western  Washington  has  been  included. 
This  list  is  a  continuation  of  the  series  as  published  in  volume  1,  number  1,  of 
the  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology. 


73- 
To 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  3 

328 
East    bank    of   Olequah    Creek   about   one   and   one-half    miles   north   of   Vader   where 
creek  runs  near  railroad  track.     Seam  of  brackish  water  fossils.     Section  20,  Township   11 
North,  Range  2  West.     Eocene.     Old  locality  295. 

329 
West  bank  of  Cowlitz  River  at  bend  and  extending  several   hundred  feet  below  near 
"Vader,    Lewis    County,    Section    28,    Township    11    North,    Range    2    West.       Eocene.       Old 
locality   233. 

330 
On   east   bank   of   Cowlitz   River,   about  one   mile   above   the   ferry   on   Greece's  ranch, 
four  miles  east   of  Vader,   Lewis   County,   Section   25,   Township  11  North,   Range    2  West. 
Eocene  or  Oligocene.     Old  locality  239. 

331 
In  railroad  bluff  about  one  and  one-half  miles  south  of  Vader,   Lewis  County,  about 
700  feet  below  railroad  post  No.  79,  Section  4,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.     Eocene. 
Old  locality  299. 

332 
Bluffs  along  Stillwater  Creek  about  one-half  mile  above  the  junction  of  Olequah   and 
Stillwater  creeks,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 
Eocene. 

333 

On    Stillwater   Creek  about   three-fourths  of  a  mile  above  its  junction  with   Olequah 
Creek.     A  narrow  seam.     Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West.     Eocene  . 

334 
On  Cowlitz  River  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  below  Olequah  station,  about  800  feet 
below   post  No.   81,   where  path  leads  down  the  bank  to  the   river.     Section   4,   Township 
10  North,  Range   2  West.     Eocene. 

335 
At  old  dam  about   three-fourths  of  a  mile  above  the  junction  of  Mosquito  and   Coal 
Creeks,   Cowlitz  County,  Section   10,  Township   8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

336 
About    one-fourth    of    a    mile    above    the    old    dam    on    Coal    Creek,    Cowlitz    County. 
Brackish  water  shells  and  fossil  leaves  found  in  high  water  bed  across  from  high   bluffs. 
Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

337 
About  one-half  mile  above  old  dam,  on  west  bank  of  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County.  Fossil 
seam  in  high  bank.     Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

338  • 

About  400  feet  below  locality  339,  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  11,  Township 
8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

339 
About  one-fourth  of  a  mile  below  Inman-Polson  shops  at  bend  in  creek  about  200  feet 
below  high  bluff  where  railroad  is  visible  on  Coal  Creek,   Cowlitz  County.     Large  oyster 
bed.     Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

340 
About    200  feet   below   railroad   trestle   on   east   bank   of   Coal   Creek,    Cowlitz   County. 
Oyster  beds.     Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

341 
At  Inman-Polson  shops   (old  Inman-Polson    store)    about   two   and   one-half   miles   up 
Coal  Creek  from  Mount  Solo,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 
Eocene. 


4  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

342 
About  one-fourth  of  a  mile  above  Inman-Polson  shops  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County, 
Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

343 
On  west  bank  of  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one-half  mile  above  where  small 
creek   enters  on   the  east,   at  Inman-Polson   shops,   Section    2,   Township   8  North,   Range   3 
West.     Eocene. 

344 

On  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County  at  falls  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  above  wagon  road 
bridge,  Section  35,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

345 
On   Coal    Creek   at    large    falls    about   one-half    mile    below    the   schoolhouse,    Cowlitz 
County,  Section  35,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

346 
At   small    falls   just   below   bridge   at    schoolhouse    settlement    on    Coal   Creek,    Cowlitz 
County,   Section   35,   Township  9    North,   Range    3   West.     Eocene. 

347 
Back  of  old  Leybo  place  about  one-half  mile  below  old  Inman-Polson  camp,  on  Coal 
Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  27,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

348 
On  Coal  Creek  just  above  old  Leybo  place  about  one-half  mile  above  the  footbridge, 
Cowlitz  County,  Section  27,  Township  9  North,  Range  3  West.     Eocene. 

349 
On  Coal  Creek  at  old  Inman-Polson  camp  about  six  or  six  and  one-half  miles  up  Coal 
Creek,  just  above  where  small  creek  enters  on  the  east  side.     Section  27,  Township  9  North, 
Range  3  West     Eocene.     Old  locality  243. 

350 
On  Coal  Creek  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  below  the  old  Inman-Polson  camp,  Cowlitz 
County,  Section   27,  Township  9  North,  Range   3   West.   Eocene. 

351 
On  the  east  bank  of  Cowlitz  River  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  below  Greece's  ranch, 
small   seam   in   the   river   bed,   Section    26,    Township   11    North,   Range    2   West.      Oligocene 
or   Eocene. 

352 
In  railroad  cut  on  Oregon-Washington  R.   R.   &  Navigation  Co.  line,   one   mile   north 
of    Lincoln    Creek   station    in    Section    27,   Township    15    North,    Range    3    West.      Oligocene. 
Old   locality   256. 

353 

One    mile    south    on    west    shore    of    bay,    from    boulders    not    in    place,    near    Quilcene, 
Jefferson   County,   Section   24,   Township   27  North,  Range  2  West.     Oligocene. 

354 

About    one-half    mile    north    of    Centralia,    on    the    Northern    Pacific    Railway,    Lewis 
County,   Section  4  North,  Township  14,  Range  2  West.     Eocene. 

355 
From  cliffs  about  one  mile  north   of  Point  Grenville,  north  of  Moclips,   Grays  Harbor 
County,  Section   13,  Township  21   North,  Range   13   West.     Pliocene. 

356 
From    cuts   on    grade    of   Willapa    Harbor    branch    of    Milwaukee   R.R.    at    Sudbury,    15 
miles  east  of  Raymond  at  summit,   four  miles  east  of  P.  and   E.   junction,  Pacific   County. 
Miocene. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  5 

357 
From  cuts  in  grade  of  Willapa  branch  of  Milwaukee  R.R.,  in  cuts  about  two  miles  east 
of  P.  and  E.  junction,  13  miles  east  of  Raymond,  Pacific  County.     Miocene. 

358 
At  Joyce  Station,  one-fourth  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  R.  R.  at  Port  Crescent,  Clallam 
County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West.     Eocene. 

359 
In  wagon  road  cut  just  east  of  Porter,   Grays  Harbor   County,   Section  27,   Township 
17  North,  Range  4  West.     Oligocene. 

360 
From   bluffs   at  Porter   station   in   Northern   Pacific   R.R.    cut,    Grays  Harbor   County, 
Section  22,  Township  17  North,  Range   4  West.     Oligocene.     Old  locality  160  . 

361 
Exposure  on  east  bank  of  Porter  Creek  just  above  where  wagon  road  crosses  creek 
at  the  town  of  Porter,  Grays  Harbor  County,  Section  27,  Township  17  North,  Range  5  West. 
Oligocene. 

362 
Exposure  about  one  mile  up  Porter  Creek   from   station  on  east  bank  just  above  the 
wagon    bridge,    Grays    Harbor    County,    Section    22,    Township    17    North,    Range    5    West. 
Oligocene. 

363 
Exposure    on   Porter   Creek,    one    and   one-half     miles  '  from     Porter     station,     Grays 
Harbor  County,   Section  22,  Township  17   North,  Range  5  West.     Oligocene. 

364 
Exposure  at  old  dam  about  three  miles  up  Porter  Creek  from  station,  Grays  Harbor 
County,  Section  14,  Township  17  North,  Range  5  West.     Oligocene. 

365 
Bluff  on  west  bank  of  Porter  Creek  about  three  and  one-half  miles  up  Porter  Creek 
from    station,    Grays    Harbor    County,    Section    22,    Township    17    North,    Range    5    West. 
Oligocene. 

366 
At   contact   between   the    Oligocene    sediments    and    Eocene    basalt    four   and    one-half 
miles  up  Porter  Creek,  Grays  Harbor  County,  Section  14,  Township  17  North,  Range  5  West. 
Oligocene. 

367 
On   Gibson   Creek,   a  few   hundred   feet   above   where   the   creek   crosses  the   Northern 
Pacific  R.R.,  about  three  miles  southeast  of  Porter,  Grays  Harbor  County,  Section  2,  Town- 
ship 16  North,  Range  5  West.     Oligocene. 

368 

At  German's  place,  Castle  Rock,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  24,  Township  9  North,  Range 
2  West. 

369 
Head  of  Arkansas  creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  24,  Township  10  North,  Range  3  West. 

370 

At  Scattagrece   Falls,  Cowlitz  County,   Section   18,  Township  9  North,   Range   2  West. 
Eocene. 


6  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  SPECIES 
PELECYPODA 

GENUS    NUCITLA   LAMARCK 

Nucula  (Acila)   stieewaterEnsis  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  8 

Description. — Shell  small,  rectangular  in  outline;  anterior  dorsal  margin 
nearly  straight,  posterior  ventral  margin  nearly  straight,  sloping  to  a  broadly 
rounded  anterior  end  which  approaches  the  dorsal  margin  with  greater  convexity ; 
escutcheon  impressed  but  not  defined  by  an  incised  line ;  central  portion  of  the 
area  of  the  escutcheon  raised,  protruding  slightly  beyond  the  posterior  margin; 
surface  ornamented  with  radiating  ribs  medium  in  strength ;  above  the  central 
portion  of  the  shell  the  divarication  is  single,  below  the  mid-area  the  series  of 
divarication  is  comparatively  wide,  the  duplication  increasing  ventrad  forming 
five  sets  along  the  ventral  margin ;  the  area  of  divarication  occupying  the  middle 
third  of  the  ventral  portion  of  the  shell ;  lunule  not  defined ;  surface  with  heavy, 
impressed  growth  lines  forming  wide  undulations  on  the  surface  of  the  shell. 

Dimensions. — Length  1 1  mm. ;  height  9  mm. ;  width  8  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  McClarety  ranch  on  the  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile 
west  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 

GENUS  LEDA  SCHUMACHER 

Leda  coweitzensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  X,  Figure  4 

Description. — Shell  small  and  thin,  sub-oval  in  outline;  posterior  end  ros- 
trate and  pointed;  anterior  end  regularly  and  broadly  rounded,  ventral  margin 
curved,  posterior  end  sloping  at  an  angle  of  30°  to  the  ventral  line  terminating 
at  the  dorsal  margin  in  a  beak ;  posterior  dorsal  margin  directed  downward  and 
concave;  lunule  narrow  and  elongate,  only  slightly  impressed  and  limited  by  a 
fine  line ;  escutcheon  narrow  and  impressed ;  surface  ornamented  with  concentric 
ribbing  which  continues  from  the  anterior  margin,  regularly  to  the  rostrum,  the 
ribs  are  numerous  with  only  slight  interspaces,  they  are  prominent  and  have  the 
appearance  of  slightly  overlapping  each  other  from  the  ventral  region  toward  the 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  7 

ambones ;  a  faint  groove  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior  point  of  the 
ventral  margin,  just  back  of  which  the  concentric  sculpture  is  somewhat  obliter- 
ated except  for  faint  lines  of  growth. 

This  shell  resembles  somewhat  the  specimens  which  Dr.  Dickerson  has 
pictured  as  L.  gabbi,  from  California  localities.  (Proceedings  of  the  California 
Academy  of  Science,  1915,  vol.  V,  No.  3,  pi.  1,  fig.  1 ;  University  of  California 
Publications  in  Geology,  vol.  9,  No.  17,  pi.  36,  fig.  3,  1916).  Leda  gabbi  Conrad 
as  represented  by  Gabb  (Geological  Survey  of  California,  1864,  vol.  I,  pi.  26,  fig. 
185 ;  vol.  II,  p.  197)  is  less  equilateral,  the  rostrum  more  pointed  and  the  ribbing 
finer  than  Leda  cowlitzensis. 

Dimensions. — Length  20  mm.;  height  11  mm.  (largest  specimen). 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  the  bend  in  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  type  locality  343  (University  of  Washing- 
ton Palaeontological  Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County  near  Inman- 
Polson  Camp  shops,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


genus  YOLDIA  moller 

You>ia  duprki  n.  sp. 
Plate  X,  Figures  2,  7 

Description. — Shell  small,  plump,  and  subelongate  in  outline;  inequilateral, 
beaks  situated  not  quite  a  third  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  ventral 
and  dorsal  margins  nearly  parallel ;  anterior  dorsal  margin  sloping  at  about  an 
angle  of  10°  from  the  dorsal  margin,  rounded  below  into  the  ventral  margin  which 
is  only  slightly  rounded,  posterior  end  extends  upward  at  about  an  angle  of  40° 
with  the  ventral  margin,  posterior  terminating  at  the  dorsal  margin  in  a  point; 
posterior  dorsal  end  concave;  lunule  faintly  developed;  escutcheon  more  deeply 
impressed;  surface  smooth  except  for  the  concentric  growth  lines  which  are 
fine  and  delicate;  shell  with  a  beautiful  polish;  outline  of  the  teeth  seen  tnrough 
the  shell  in  the  cardinal  region. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Warren  Du  Pre  Smith,  professor  of  Geology,  Uni- 
versity of  Oregon. 

Dimensions.— Length  14.5  mm. ;  height  8  mm. ;  width  6  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  in  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


8  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

genus  ARCA    (Linne)    eamarck 

ARCA   COLUMBIANA   n.    Sp. 

Plate  VIII,  Figure  1 

Description. — Shell  large  and  rectangular  in  outline ;  nearly  equilateral ;  beaks 
prominent,  umbonal  area  broad ;  hinge  line  straight ;  cardinal  area  narrow ;  dorsal 
line  sloping  slightly  from  the  beaks ;  anterior  end  rounded,  passing  into  the 
ventral  margin  with  a  curve ;  ventral  margin  only  slightly  curved,  extending 
abruptly  into  the  posterior  end;  posterior  end  straight;  posterior  end  is  more 
flaring  and  concave  than  the  anterior  end;  there  is  a  tendency  for  a  slight 
umbonal  ridge  to  extend  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior  ventral  margin ;  shell 
ornamented  with  22  flat-topped,  wide,  very  prominent  radiating  ribs  with  inter- 
spaces nearly  equal  to  the  width  of  the  ribs. 

Dimensions. — Length  40  mm. ;  height  35  mm. ;  thickness  30  mm. 

Occurrence.- — At  locality  337  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek  about  one-half  mile  above  old  dam,  Cowlitz  County, 
Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


Subgenus  barbatia   (Gray)  adams 
Arca  (Barbatia)  suzzaeeoi  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  6 

Description. — Shell  small,  elongate  in  outline;  inequilateral,  beaks  situated 
one-third  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end ;  dorsal  margin  straight ;  anterior 
end  nearly  straight,  sloping  at  about  an  angle  of  15°  with  the  dorsal  margin, 
passing  into  the  ventral  margin  with  a  broad  bow;  ventral  margin  straight, 
produced  obliquely;  posterior  margin  broadly  pointed  at  the  ventral  end,  sloping 
to  the  dorsal  margin  at  about  an  angle  of  40°  ;  a  mid-umbonal  sulcus  extends  to 
the  ventral  margin,  sloping  obliquely  from  the  beaks ;  surface  sculptured  by  con- 
centric lines  of  growth  crossed  by  numerous  fine,  delicate,  radiating  ribs  which 
bifurcate,  forming  two  ribs  of  equal  width  on  the  lower  region.  The  bifurca- 
tion of  the  ribs  occurs  over  the  whole  of  the  shell  including  the  posterior  as  well 
as  the  anterior  region  of  concaveness.  Under  the  microscope  these  ribs  show 
a  beaded  character,  which  are  most  numerous  on  the  anterior,  umbonal  slope; 
cardinal  area  very  narrow. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Henry  Suzzallo,  president  of  the  University  of 
Washington. 

Dimensions. — Length  20  mm. ;  height  10  mm. ;  width  8  mm. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  9 

Occurrence. — At  locality  324  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  in  the  west  bank  of  Olequah  Creek  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile  north 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  1 1  North,  Range  2  West. 


Arca  (Barbatia)  cowutzensis  n.  sp. 

Plate  VIII,  Figure  9 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size,  oblong  in  outline ;  inequilateral,  beaks 
situated  one-fourth  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  dorsal  margin 
slightly  curved,  anterior  end  sloping  from  the  dorsal  margin  at  an  angle  of  40°, 
rounding  into  the  ventral  margin  which  extends  obliquely,  nearly  parallel  to  the 
dorsal  line;  posterior  end  broadly  rounded,  sloping  from  the  dorsal  line  at  an 
angle  of  20° ;  beaks'  low  and  broad ;  valves  convex,  concave  along  the  posterior 
and  anterior  borders ;  surface  ornamented  with  numerous,  fine,  close-set,  radiat- 
ing ribs  which  cover  the  entire  surface  of  the  shell;  interspaces  very  narrow, 
about  one-third  of  the  width  of  the  rib. 

Dimensions. — Length  22  mm. ;  height  14  mm. ;  thickness  12  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Arca  (Barbatia)  landesi  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  4 

Description. — Shell  small,  thin  and  delicate ;  elongate  in  outline ;  inequi- 
lateral, beaks  situated  about  one-third  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end; 
dorsal  margin  straight;  anterior  end  well  rounded,  sloping  from  the  dorsal 
margin  at  an  angle  of  35°  and  rounding  into  the  ventral  margin;  ventral  margin 
straight,  nearly  parallel  with  the  dorsal  margin ;  posterior  end  rounded  ventrally, 
nearly  vertical  with  the  dorsal  margin;  surface  sculptured  with  fine,  radiating 
ribs  which  are  uniform  in  character  over  the  whole  surface  of  the  shell.  On 
the  anterior  slope  the  ribs  are  separated  by  interspaces  about  twice  the  width  of 
the  ribs.  Within  the  interspaces  there  may  be  developed  threads ;  on  the  middle 
portion  the  ribs  and  the  interspaces  are  narrow  and  about  equal  in  width;  ap- 
proaching the  posterior  slope  the  ribs  alternate  in  size ;  the  central  ribs  are  deli- 
cately beaded ;  the  posterior  ribs  from  the  umbonal  slope  to  the  dorsal  line  are 
larger,  with  wider  interspaces  and  are  about  14  in  number. 

In  general  outline  this  species  is  similar  to  B.  morsei  Gabb  but  differs  in  the 


10  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

areal  differentiation  of  the  radiating  ribs.    The  anterior,  dorsal  margin  does  not 
slope  obliquely  as  it  does  in  B.  morsei. 

Named  in  honor  of  Professor  Henry  Landes  of  the  Geology  Department, 
University  of  Washington. 

Dimensions. — Length  19  mm. ;  height  6  mm. ;  width  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  the  bend  in  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  GLYCYMERIS  da  costa 

Glycymeris  sagittaTa  (Gabb)  var.  dickersoni  n.  var. 

Plate  VIII,  Figure  5 

Description. — Shell  of  medium  size  and  subquadrate  in  outline ;  dorsal  mar- 
gin slightly  convex;  anterior  margin  nearly  straight  and  sloping  downward  at  an 
angle  of  15°  with  the  dorsal  margin  and  gradually  passing  into  the  regularly 
rounded,  ventral  margin ;  posterior  margin  broadly  rounded,  the  posterior  ventral 
margin  regularly  bowed;  surface  ornamented  with  numerous  close-set,  flat- 
topped  radiating  ribs,  which  on  the  majority  of  the  specimens  examined  are  only 
well  developed  on  the  middle  portion  of  the  shell.  The  anterior  and  posterior 
surfaces  of  the  adult  specimens  show  a  lack  of,  or  at  least  poorly  developed, 
radial  sculpture,  but  the  lines  of  growth  are  more  strongly  developed.  In  the 
young  and  more  immature  specimens,  the  radial  ribs  are  better  developed  on  the 
anterior  and  posterior  areas,  the  outline  is  less  quadrate,  and  the  anterior  and 
posterior  margins  slope  downward  making  nearly  equal  angles  with  the  dorsal 
margin,  the  posterior  being  a  little  more  convex  than  the  anterior. 

The  radiating  and  concentric  sculpture  in  this  variety  seems  to  be  less  well 
developed,  as  exhibited  on  unweathered  specimens,  than  in  Glycymeris  sagittata 
(Gabb).  The  diverging  lines  described  for  G.  sagittata  have  not  been  noticed 
even  on  the  worn  specimens  of  this  variety.  The  anterior  margin  is  less  rounded 
than  in  G.  sagittata.  The  general  outline  of  the  shell  is  somewhat  similar  to 
G.  hannibali  Dickerson,  but  the  width  of  the  interspace  in  G.  hannibali  is  equal 
to  those  of  the  radiating  ribs,  while  in  G.  sagittata  var.  dickersoni  the  ribs  are  very 
much  wider  in  comparison. 

This  variety  is  very  abundant,  occurring  in  a  narrow,  very  fossiliferous 
sandy  layer. 

Dimensions. —  (Average).    Length  15  mm. ;  height  14  mm. ;  width  10  mm. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  11 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  bend  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


GlyYCYMERIS   CRESCSNTENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  VIII,  Figures  10,  12 

Description. — Shell  small,  subquadrate;  anterior  end  straight  and  inclined 
downward  at  an  approximate  angle  of  45°  from  the  dorsal  margin  to  a  point 
about  one-half  of  the  height  of  the  shell,  the  remaining  portion  curving  regularly 
into  the  ventral  margin ;  posterior  end  rounded ;  surface  delicately  ornamented ; 
the  anterior  portion  with  seven  very  wide  radiating  ribs  obliquely  sloping  toward 
the  anterior  end,  and  which  on  the  extreme  anterior  region  decrease  in  size; 
when  the  shell  is  held  with  the  anterior  end  directed  toward  the  eye,  the  peculiar 
slope  of  the  ridges  causes  the  high  point  of  each  rib  to  appear  as  a  very  narrow 
rib,  with  a  wide  interspace  about  three  times  the  width  of  the  rib ;  the  ornamen- 
tation on  the  posterior  portion  is  composed  of  narrow,  rounded,  radiating  ribs 
with  interspaces  of  nearly  equal  width.  The  entire  surface  is  also  sculptured 
by  numerous  fine,  concentric  lines  which  give  the  ribs  a  microscopic,  crenulated 
appearance. 

Dimensions. — Length  10  mm. ;  height  9  mm. ;  width  6  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station,  one- fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point,  Port 
Crescent,  Clallam  County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


Gl,YCYMERIS   KELS03NSIS  n.   Sp. 

Plate  VIII,  Figure  2 

Description. — Shell  large  and  subquadrate;  umbones  large;  cardinal  area 
very  narrow ;  hinge  line  straight ;  beaks  situated  near  the  mid-line  of  the  shell ; 
anterior  dorsal  margin  abruptly  rounded;  anterior  end  straight  rounding  into 
the  ventral  margin;  ventral  margin  curved  to  the  posterior  end;  posterior  end 
straight,  oblique;  posterior  umbonal  slope  more  convex  than  the  anterior  slope 
which  flares  out  to  the  anterior  margin ;  a  slight  flexure  occurs  at  the  posterior 
dorsal  end;  shell  very  convex;  surface  ornamented  with  33  very  flat,  wide, 
radiating  ribs  with  very  narrow  interspaces. 

This  species  is  like  G.  veatchii  Gabb  var.  major  Stanton  but  differs  from  that 
species  in  the  straighter  dorsal  line,  in  a  greater  production  of  the  anterior  end 
dorsally  and  in  the  less  pronounced  character  of  the  posterior  flexure. 


12  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Dimensions. — Length  37  mm. ;  height  33  mm. ;  thickness  22  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  343  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  west  bank  of  Coal  Creek  about  one-half  mile  above  Inman-Polson 
shops,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 

genus  PTERIA  scopou 

Ptejria  clarki  n.  sp. 
Plate  X,  Figures  5,  12,  15 

Description. — Shell  small  to  medium  in  size ;  oblique  in  outline ;  very  inequi- 
lateral, beaks  situated  one-fifth  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  cardinal 
line  straight,  anterior  end  sloping  sharply  from  the  cardinal  margin  at  an  angle  of 
25°  for  a  short  distance  then  extending  vertically  to  the  ventral  margin  where  it 
swings  with  a  broad  curve  into  the  ventral  margin ;  ventral  margin  broadly 
rounded  and  parallel  with  the  dorsal  line ;  posterior  margin  well  rounded  at  the 
ventral  end,  extending  nearly  vertical  or  at  a  low  angle  into  the  dorsal  margin ; 
anterior  ear  small,  posterior  ear  very  broad,  subcompressed ;  central  area  of  the 
shell,  extending  obliquely  from  the  beaks,  broad  and  convex,  often  marked  by  an 
impressed  groove  which  extends  between  the  posterior  and  anterior  slope  of  the 
body  portion  and  the  basal  line  of  each  ear ;  surface  ornamented  with  prominent, 
close,  concentric  lines  of  growth ;  the  growth  lines  curve  sharply  from  the  pos- 
terior dorsal  line  to  the  region  of  the  body  of  the  shell,  where  they  turn  at 
almost  a  right  angle  and  follow  the  line  of  the  umbonal  slope  for  a  short  distance 
then  curve  regularly  and  extend  parallel  with  the  line  of  the  ventral  margin, 
anteriorly  they  extend  parallel  with  the  slope  of  the  ear ;  shell  of  a  light  brown 
coloration,  mottled  with  reddish-brown  spots ;  the  larger  and  more  mature  speci- 
mens have  a  uniform  color  of  reddish-brown. 

This  species  is  somewhat  like  Avicula  pellucida  Gabb  but  the  beak  in  P. 
clarki  n.  sp.  is  less  prominent,  the  sculpture  is  more  pronounced,  and  the  curve 
of  the  concentric  lines  on  the  posterior  ear  is  very  much  different  from  that 
exhibited  in  A.  pellucida.  In  P.  clarki  they  curve  at  a  greater  angle  from  the 
dorsal  line  with  a  deeper  sinuosity  in  the  region  where  the  ear  merges  into  the 
body  of  the  shell. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Bruce  L.  Clark,  professor  of  Paleontology,  Uni- 
versity of  California. 

Dimensions. — Maximum  height  37  mm.;  width  31  mm.;  thickness  14  mm. 

Occurrence.— At  locality  323  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)   in  bed  of  small  creek  entering  Oiequah  Creek,  near  Vader,  Lewis 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  13 

County;  {type)  at  locality  324,  on  Olequah  Creek  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile 
north  of  Vader  opposite  locality  323 ;  locality  325,  on  Olequah  Creek  about 
one-fourth  of  a  mile  north  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11 
North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  OSTREA  unneaus 

OSTREA  COLUMBIANA  n.   Sp. 

Plate  VIII,  Figures  15,  16 

Description. — Shell  large  and  elongate  in  outline;  right  valve  very  convex 
and  irregular;  left  valve  flat  or  concave  with  the  anterior  end  straight  dorsally, 
swinging  into  the  ventral  margin  with  a  broad  curve  which  continues  ventrally 
to  the  posterior,  ventral  end ;  posterior  end  with  a  more  or  less  deep  concave  area 
at  about  one-third  of  the  distance  from  the  dorsal  line ;  shell  very  thick ;  surface 
of  the  left  valve  rough  and  irregular  with  overlapping  laminae;  surface  of  the 
right  valve  smoother,  the  growth  lines  more  regular  than  those  of  the  left  valve; 
left  valve  with  a  glossy,  corneous  outer  layer  over  which  are  fine  yet  conspicu- 
ous radiating  lines;  beaks  deflected  posteriorly;  anterior  and  posterior  margins 
internally  or  laterally  with  coarse  transverse  grooves. 

This  species  is  related  to  O.  idriaensis  Gabb.  the  left  valve  of  O.  Columbiana 
n.  sp.  is  typically  broader  dorsally  and  less  curved,  and  the  right  valve  is  smoother 
and  less  squamose. 

The  fine  striae  on  the  external  corneous  layer  of  the  shell  is  like  that 
described  and  figured  by  Professor  Harris*  as  occurring  on  Ostrea  alabam- 
iensis  Lea  of  the  Eocene  of  the  Gulf  and  East  Coast. 

Dimensions — Co-types ;  height  right  valve  58  mm. ;  width  right  valve  43  mm.  ; 
thickness  right  valve  10  mm. ;  height  left  valve  60  mm. ;  width  left  valve  44  mm.  ; 
convexity  left  valve  30  mm. 

Occurrence. — Type  locality  340  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  11,  Township  8  North, 
Range  3  West;  type  locality  324  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  Olequah  Creek  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile  north  of 
Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  locality 
319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Collection)  at  McClarety  ranch, 
south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile  west  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  locality  341  (University  of  Washington 
Palaeontological  Collection)   on  Coal  Creek  about  two  and  one-half  miles  up 


14  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Coal  Creek  from  Mount  Solo,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  2,  Township  8  North, 
Range  3  West;  locality  343  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Collec- 
tion) on  Coal  Creek  about  one-half  of  a  mile  above  Inman-Polson  shops,  Cow- 
litz County,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West;  locality  320  (Univer- 
sity of  Washington  Palaeontological  Collection)  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater 
Creek  below  the  graveyard  about  one  and  one-half  miles  from  Vader,  Lewis 
County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  ANODONTA  cuvier 

Anodonta  arnoedi  n.  sp. 

Plate  X,  Figure  10 

Description. — Shell  large  and  rectangular  in  outline ;  inequilateral,  beaks 
situated  about  one-third  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  beaks  broad  and 
low ;  cardinal  line  straight ;  anterior  end  sloping  from  the  dorsal  line  at  an  angle 
of  30°  for  about  one-third  of  the  length  of  the  anterior  end,  then  broadly  curves 
into  the  ventral  margin ;  ventral  margin  straight  and  parallel  with  the  dorsal  line, 
posterior  end  straight,  broadly  pointed  at  the  ventral  margin,  extending  at  an 
angle  of  40°  to  the  dorsal  line ;  an  umbonal  ridge  extends  from  the  beaks 
obliquely  to  the  posterior-ventral  end,  above  which  the  region  is  concave ;  surface 
sculptured  only  with  fine,  concentric  lines  of  growth ;  shell  thin  and  fragile ;  inner 
layer  of  shell  nacreous. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Ralph  Arnold. 

Dimensions. — Length  43  mm.;  height  23  mm.;  thickness  11  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  315  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  dam  just  below  the  railroad  bridge  on  west  bank  of  Olequah  Creek, 
about  one-third  of  a  mile  below  its  junction  with  Stillwater  Creek,  near  Vader, 
Lewis  County,  Section  32,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS  LIMA  BRUGUIERE 

Lima  packardi  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  13 

Description. — Shell  small ;  obliquely  oval  in  outline ;  inequilateral ;  beaks 
minute;  posterior  dorsal  margin  straight,  sloping  only  slightly  from  the  beaks; 
posterior  end  slopes  roundly  from  the  dorsal  line  at  an  angle  of  40°,  passing  below 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Bocene  of  Washington  15 

into  the  ventral  margin  at  about  the  same  angle ;  ventral  margin  curved,  rounding 
more  sharply  into  the  anterior  end ;  anterior  end  straight,  extending  at  an  angle 
of,  60°  with  the  cardinal  line  and  extending  directly  from  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  beaks;  no  anterior  ear  present;  surface  sculptured  with  numerous  fine 
radiating  ribs  which  on  the  posterior  end  of  the  shell  have  interspaces  that  are 
nearly  equal  in  width  to  the  rib,  the  ribs  become  broader  on  the  middle  portion 
of  the  shell  with  the  interspaces  about  one-fourth  of  the  width  of  the  rib. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  E.  L.  Packard,  professor  of  Geology,  University  of 
Oregon. 

Dimensions. — Height  10  mm. ;  width  7  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  324  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  in  the  west  bank  of  Olequah  Creek  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile  north 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  1 1  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  MYTILUS  unneaus 

MyTIEUS  STIUEWATERENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figure  13 

Description. —  Shell  medium  in  size;  outline  subquadrate,  convex;  dorsal 
margin  slightly  rounded ;  anterior  margin  nearly  straight ;  posterior  end  rounded, 
inflated  at  the  ventral  side;  ornamentation  consisting  of  coarse,  radiating  ribs 
with  narrow  interspaces;  on  the  umbonal  slope  and  along  the  dorsal  margin 
many  of  the  ribs  bifurcate. 

Dimensions. — Length  22  mm. ;  width  16  mm. ;  thickness  10  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  McClarety  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile  west  of 
Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  1 1  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  modiolus  lamarck 

Subgenus  brachydontes  swainson 

Modiolus  (Brachydontes)  olEQUahensis  n.  sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figures  3,   17 

Description.—  Shell    median,    elongate;    posterior    end    obliquely    produced; 
hinge  line  straight  and  long ;  ventral  margin  sloping  broadly  and  obliquely  to  the 


16  University  of  Washinyton  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

posterior  end;  umbones  strongly  curved,  forming  a  sharp  ridge  on  the  dorsal 
margin ;  umbonal  slope  extending  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior  end ;  in 
younger  specimens  the  dorsal  margin  of  this  ridge  is  more  rounded;  sculpture 
delicate,  consisting  of  flat,  radiating  ribs  which  are  larger  over  the  dorsal  and 
posterior  regions  continuing  to  the  lower  surface  of  the  umbonal  slope;  the  ribs 
on  the  middle  portion  of  the  shell  are  very  much  finer  and  more  delicate,  increas- 
ing in  size  on  the  short  anterior  end;  hinge  margin  crenulated,  distinct  on  the 
anterior  portion,  very  fine  beneath  the  beaks  and  becoming  obscure  on  the 
posterior  region;  shell  with  a  beautiful  nacreous  luster. 

Dimensions. — Length  21  mm. ;  length  of  umbonal  slope  20  mm. ;  thickness 
7  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  324  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  in  the  west  bank  of  the  Olequah  Creek,  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile 
north  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Modiolus  (Brachydontes)  cowutzensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  IX,  Figure  19 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size;  subovate  in  outline;  dorsal  line  straight, 
curving  regularly  into  the  posterior  end  which  extends  almost  vertically  down- 
ward ;  posterior  end  broad  and  inflated ;  anterior  end  short ;  beaks  low ;  umbonal 
slope  prominent  and  arching  downward,  convex  above  with  a  prominent  concavity 
beneath;  surface  ornamented  with  radiating  ribs  which  over  the  posterior  and 
umbonal  regions  are  large  and  flat  with  narrow  interspaces ;  on  the  middle  por- 
tion of  the  shell  the  ribs  are  very  fine  and  delicate ;  on  the  anterior  end  of  the 
shell,  there  are  five  or  six  radiating  ribs  which  are  enlarged  with  wide  spaces 
between,  the  interspaces  equal  to  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  cardinal  margin  denticu- 
late, the  series  of  teeth  are  larger  on  the  anterior  margin,  diminishing  in  size 
beneath  the  beaks  and  becoming  obscure  on  the  posterior  end;  shell  very  thin  and 
fragile. 

The  sculpture  of  this  species  is  like  that  of  M.  olequahensis  n.  sp.  which  has 
the  tripartite  differentiation  of  the  radiating  ribs.  It  differs  from  M.  olequah- 
ensis in  the  distinct  curving  of  the  umbonal  ridge  and  the  almost  straight  vertical 
slope  of  the  posterior  end.  The  area  above  the  umbonal  slope  in  M.  cowlitzensis 
is  convex  and  slightly  concave  near  the  margin  of  the  shell,  the  greatest  con- 
cavity being  beneath  the  ridge  while  in  M.  olequahensis  the  area  above  is  concave 
and  only  slightly  concave  beneath. 

Dimensions. — Length  15  mm.;  thickness  7  mm. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Hoccne  of  Washington  17 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Modiolus  kllsolnsis  n.  Sp. 
Plate  X,  Figure  13 

Description. — Shell  large,  narrow  and  elongate  in  outline;  anterior  end 
straight  and  vertical ;  ventral  margin  straight,  rounding  abruptly  into  the  posterior 
end  which  is  broadly  pointed;  the  posterior  dorsal  margin  is  rounded  obliquely 
to  the  dorsal  line ;  beaks  medium  in  size ;  umbonal  ridge  pronounced,  narrow 
near  the  beaks,  broadening  posteriorly  and  occupying  the  whole  width  of  the 
last  third  of  the  shell ;  the  widening  of  the  ridge  gives  the  appearance  of  the  fold 
being  overturned.  The  shell  is  concave  directly  beneath  the  ridge  in  the  middle 
portion  of  the  shell  and  above,  along  the  dorsal  margin.  The  sculpture  consists 
of  prominent,  radiating  ribs  over  the  umbonal  and  dorsal  regions  but  which 
become  obsolete  on  the  middle  area  of  the  shell  producing  a  smooth  unstriated 
area  as  in  Modiolaria;  character  of  the  ribs  anteriorly  unknown. 

This  species  differs  from  M.  oiequahensis  n.  sp.  and  M.  cowlitsensis  n.  sp. 
in  the  greater  size  and  narrowness  of  outline.  The  angle  of  the  umbonal  ridge 
is  more  nearly  like  that  of  M.  oiequahensis  but  the  anterior  end  is  straighter  and 
not  produced,  in  that  respect  it  is  more  like  M.  cowlitsensis. 

Dimensions. — Length  50  mm.;  greatest  height  15  mm.;  thickness  16  mm. 

Occurrence. — Type  locality  347  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  back  of  the  Leybo  place  about  one-half  of  a  mile  below  old  Inman- 
Polson  camp  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  27,  Township  9  North, 
Range  3  West;  at  locality  370  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Col- 
lection) Scattagrece  Falls,  Cowlitz  County,  Southeast  quarter  Section  18,  Town- 
ship 9  North,  Range  2  West. 


Modiolus  Columbian  us  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  7 

Description. — -Shell  large,  oval-elongate  in  outline ;  inequilateral,  breaks  situ- 
low  ;  ventral  margin  straight ;  dorsal  margin  sloping  obliquely  upward  from  the 
beaks;  posterior  margin  sloping  at  an  angle  of  45°  from  the  dorsal  line,  rounding 
shortly  into  the  ventral  margin ;  umbonal  ridge  high,  extending  broadly  to  the 


18  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

posterior  ventral  line ;  surface  ornamented  with  medium,  coarse,  radiating  ribs 
which  become  obsolete  on  the  middle  region  of  the  shell  below  the  umbonal  ridge. 
In  this  respect  the  sculpture  is  like  that  of  M.  kelsoensis  n.  sp. 

This  species  differs  from  M.  kelsoensis  n.  sp.  with  which  it  compares  more 
nearly  in  size  and  sculpture,  in  being  less  elongate  but  much  broader  and  higher. 
The  general  character  of  the  sculpture  of  the  two  species  M.  kelsoensis  and  M. 
columbianus  is  like  that  of  the  recent  M.  (Brachydontes)  demissus  (Dillwyn)  of 
the  Atlantic  coast,  and  which  now,  having  been  imported  from  the  east,  occurs 
on  the  Pacific  coast  in  San  Francisco  Bay. 

Dimensions. — Length  35  mm. ;  height  20  mm. ;  width  20  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  347  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Lewis  County,  back  of  Leybo  place  about  one-half  of 
a  mile  below  old  Inman-Polson  Camp,  Section  27,  Township  9  North,  Range  3 
West. 


genus  CRASSATELLITES  kruger 

Crassatelrites  stiuavaterEnsis  n.  sp  . 

Plate  IX,  Figures  1,  2 

Description. — Shell  of  moderate  size,  thick  and  trigonal  in  outline;  inequi- 
lateral, beaks  situated  about  one-third  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end; 
beaks  small ;  anterior  margin  sloping  from,  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  30°  for  about 
half  the  length  of  the  anterior  end  and  then  rounding  into  the  ventral  margin; 
ventral  margin  slightly  curved;  posterior  truncate;  extending  vertically  from  the 
ventral  margin  for  about  half  the  height  of  the  shell  and  then  sloping  to  the  beaks 
at  an  angle  of  25°;  an  umbonal  slope  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the  posterior 
ventral  margin ;  hinge  heavy ;  large  resilium  scar ;  one  large  middle  cardinal 
with  a  thin  anterior  cardinal;  margin  of  hinge  plate  grooved  anteriorly;  area  of 
lunule  and  escutcheon  well  developed;  internal  margin  smooth;  surface  orna- 
mented only  with  fine,  concentric  lines  of  growth. 

Dimensions. — Length  43  mm.;  height  32  mm.;  thickness  18  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  McClarety  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile  west 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Hocene  of  Washington  19 

genus  VENERICARDIA  umarck 

Venericardia  cearki  n.  sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figures  4,  5 ;  Plate  X,  Figure  8 

Description. — Shell  small  and  ovate ;  umbones  small ;  anterior  end  slightly 
produced,  sloping  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  20°,  rounding  into  the  ventral 
margin ;  ventral  margin  regularly  rounded ;  posterior  end  rounded,  passing  from 
the  ventral  margin  at  about  the  same  degree  of  convexity  as  the  anterior  end ; 
posterior  dorsal  margin  nearly  straight  or  slightly  curving  to  the  posterior  end ; 
surface  ornamented  with  18  to  20  very  well  developed  radiating  ribs  with  rounded 
interspaces  about  half  the  width  of  the  rib ;  the  median  portion  of  the  ribs  is 
raised  and  rounded,  the  base  forming  a  lower  ridge  on  each  side  of  the  ribs, 
giving  them  a  tripartite  character;  the  median,  raised  portion  of  the  ribs  is 
ornamented  by  fine  nodes  or  pustules  which  occur  on  all  the  ribs  on  very  young 
shells,  and  on  the  umbonal  region  and  the  anterior  end  of  most  of  the  shells ;  the 
ribs  on  the  posterior  end  of  the  older  specimens  become  broader  and  the  pustulate 
condition  obliterated;  inner  margin  fluted. 

Dimensions. — Length  17  mm.;  height  15  mm.;  thickness  11  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Venericardia  crescentensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  X,  Figure  9 

Description. — Shell  small  and  subquadrate  in  outline ;  posterior  dorsal  line 
straight,  slightly  oblique;  posterior  margin  straight,  extending  almost  at  a  right 
angle  to  the  dorsal  margin  and  abruptly  passing  into  the  ventral  margin  which 
curves  slightly  to  the  anterior  end ;  anterior  moderately  produced ;  surface  orna- 
mented with  22  wide,  flat-topped,  radiating  ribs  with  interspaces  about  one-third 
of  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  on  the  posterior  dorsal  region  the  ribs  become  narrower 
and  the  interspaces  wider;  an  umbonal  ridge  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the 
posterior  ventral  point. 

Dimensions. — Length  15  mm.;  height  12  mm.;  thickness  10  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station,  one-fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  railroad, 
Port  Crescent,  Clallam  County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


23  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

GENUS    CARDIUM    LINNEAUS 

Cardium  oldroydi  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figures  3,  1 1 

Cardium  brewerii  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  Vol.  V,  No.  3,  pi.  2, 
figs.  3a,  b. 

Description. — Shell  moderate  in  size,  subovate,  beaks  central ;  posterior  mar- 
gin nearly  straight,  rounding  into  the  dorsal  and  ventral  margins ;  anterior  and 
ventral  margins  regularly  rounded ;  surface  ornamented  with  about  twenty-seven 
wide,  flat-topped,  radiating  ribs  with  interspaces  about  half  the  width  of  the  ribs; 
on  both  sides  of  each  rib  at  the  angle  is  a  series  of  delicate  nodes  which  are  con- 
tinuous from  the  beaks  to  the  ventral  margin.  On  the  umbonal  area  they  are 
minute,  increasing  in  size  downward ;  on  the  portion  of  the  shell  below  the  middle 
they  are  very  conspicuous ;  the  first  two  or  three  posterior  interspaces  are 
coarsely  cross-striated,  many  begin  to  show  a  divided  condition  which  ultimately 
gives  rise  to  the  bi-pustulate  character  of  the  ribs.  The  ribs  have  the  appearance 
of  being  barbed.  On  one  specimen  several  distinct,  short,  spiny  tubercles  occur, 
situated  along  a  faint  mid-groove  of  the  ribs.  The  whole  sculpture  is  beautiful 
and  delicate.  Anteriorly  the  ribs  are  often  eroded  and  the  presence  of  the  fine 
nodes  obscure ;  internal  margin  fluted  or  grooved. 

In  shape  this  species  is  somewhat  like  C.  brewerii  Gabb  but  is  more  oval 
than  that  form.  The  posterior  umbonal  slope  is  less  sharp  and  the  posterior  area 
less  concave  in  C.  oldroydi.  The  unique  nodose  character  of  the  ribs  with  the 
]  ossible  development  of  tubercles  makes  this  species  distinct. 

Named  in  honor  of  Mrs.  Ida  Oldroyd  of  Leland  Stanford  University. 

Dimensions. — Length  26  mm. ;  height  25  mm. ;  thickness  20  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  the  town  of  Vader,  Lewis 
County,  Section  28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  PITARIA  roemer 

PiTaria  (Lamelliconcha)  Eocenica  n.  sp. 

Plate  X,  Figures  14,  16 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size;  ovate;  beaks  prominent,  situated  about 
one-third  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  dorsal  margin  high;  posterior 
end  sloping  roundly  to  the  ventral  margin ;  ventral  margin  regularly  and  broadly 
rounded ;  anterior  end  produced ;  concave  beneath  the  beaks ;  lunule  heart-shaped, 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  21 

impressed  and  bound  by  an  incised  line ;  escutcheon  very  narrow ;  surface  orna- 
mented with  numerous,  lamellar,  concentric  ribs  with  interspaces  about  three 
times  the  width  of  the  ribs. 

This  shell  is  like  that  figured  by  Dr.  Dickerson  in  the  Prod.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci., 
vol.  V,  no.  3,  pi.  3,  figs.  2a,  b,  to  which  he  gave  the  new  name  Meretrix 
tejonensis  to  replace  Meretrix  uz'asana  Gabb.  Pitaria  eocenica  n.  sp.  differs  from 
Meretrix  uvasana  Gabb  in  smaller  size,  a  more  ovate  shape  and  the  posterior  end 
more  rounded  and  less  attenuated. 

Dimensions. — Length  25  mm. ;  height  22  mm. ;  thickness  16  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Pitaria  stocki  n.  sp. 
Plate  X,  Figure  6 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size  and  ovate  in  outline ;  very  convex ;  beaks 
small ;  anterior  end  short,  slightly  curved,  extending  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle 
of  35c ;  ventral  margin  arcuate,  rounding  into  the  anterior  and;  posterior  ends; 
surface  ornamented  with  numerous  flat,  concentric  ribs  with  interspaces  about 
half  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  concentric  ribbing  more  pronounced  on  the  anterior 
and  posterior  slopes  and  on  the  lower  part  of  the  shell;  a  very  large  lunule, 
extending  nearly  the  length  of  the  anterior  end ;  lunule  bounded  by  an  impressed 
line;  teeth  normal. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Chester  Stock  of  the  Paleontology  Department,  Uni- 
versity of  California. 

Dimensions. — Length  24  mm. ;  height  22  mm. ;  thickness  14  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  320  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek  below  the  graveyard,  about  one  and 
one-fourth  miles  from  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North, 
Range  2  West. 


genus  MACROCALLISTA  meek 

Macrocaelista  wjeeiamsoni  n.  sp. 

Plate  X,  Figures  1,  11 

Description. — Shell  large,  oval-elongate  in  outine ;  inequilateral,  breaks  situ- 
ated about  one-fourth  of  the  distance  from  the  anterior  end ;  beaks  moderate  in 


22  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

size ;  dorsal  margin  sloping  from  the  beaks,  posterior  end  passing  from  the  dorsal 
line  at  an  angle  of  30°  forming  a  broadly  pointed  margin,  ventral  margin  regu- 
larly curving  from  the  posterior  margin  and  rounding  into  the  anterior  end; 
anterior  slightly  produced,  concave  beneath  the  beaks;  surface  sculptured  with 
prominent,  wide,  concentric  ribs  which  cover  the  entire  surface  of  the  shell ;  the 
interspaces  very  narrow,  about  one-fourth  of  the  width  of  the  ribs. 

This  species  differs  from  Meretrix  uvasana  Gabb,  Meretrix  tejonensis  Dick- 
erson  and  Meretrix  uvasana  Conrad  (Dickerson)  in  being  more  elongate  in  the 
outline  of  the  shell,  and  the  ribs  in  M.  williamsoni  are  very  wide  with  narrow 
interspaces  while  on  the  species  mentioned  the  ribs  are  narrow  with  wide  inter- 
spaces. M.  williams oni  differs  from  Macrocallista  conradiana  Gabb  in  being 
less  narrowly  pointed  posteriorly  and  less  elongate. 

Named  in  honor  of  the  late  Mrs.  Martha  Burton  Williamson  of  Los  Angeles, 
California,  who  has  been  an  ardent  contributor  to  the  conchology  of  the  Pacific 
Coast. 

Dimensions. — Length  39  mm. ;  height  28  mm. ;  thickness  10  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  McClarety  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile 
west  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  PSAMMOBIA  eamarck 

PSAMMOBIA   COLUMBIANA  n.    Sp. 

Plate  X,  Figure  18  I 

Description. — Shell  large  and  oblong ;  inequilateral,  the  anterior  end  shorter ; 
posterior  end  higher  than  the  anterior;  anterior  and  posterior  dorsal  lines 
straight  and  oblique,  the  anterior  sloping  at  a  greater  angle;  posterior  and  dorsal 
ends  rounded  below ;  ventral  margin  straight ;  surface  of  shell  with  coarse,  con- 
centric lines  of  growth. 

Dimensions. — Length  75  mm. ;  height  36  mm. ;  thickness  19  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  342  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  above 
Inman-Polson  shops,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 

PSAMMOBIA  COWUTZENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figure  18 

Description. — Shell  large  and  oblong  in  shape ;  inequilateral ;  anterior  end 
shorter,   convex ;  anterior  dorsal  margin   sloping ;   shell  rounded  at  both  ends ; 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  23 

posterior  end  broader,  concave  above;  line  of  the  escutcheon  straight,  slightly 
oblique ;  shell  thin  ;  pallial  sinus  large,  rounded  in  front,  reaching  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  shell;  ventral  margin  straight;  sculpture  unknown  except  for  con- 
centric lines  of  growth. 

In  outline  P.  cowlitzensis  is  more  nearly  like  P.  hornii  (Gabb)  but  is  more 
inequilateral  than  that  species  and  higher  in  proportion  to  the  length. 

Dimensions. — Length  53  mm. ;  height  28  mm. ;  thickness  12  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


PSAMMOBIA  OLEQUAHENSIS  n.  Sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figures  11,  12 

Description. — Shell  moderately  large,  thin  ;  broad  in  outline ;  anterior  end 
convex,  shorter  and  sloping  to  a  well  rounded  end ;  posterior  end  broadly  rounded, 
concave  above  along  a  post-umbonal  slope;  posterior  dorsal  margin  straight; 
ventral  margin  straight  and  parallel ;  surface  with  fine  concentric  lines  of  growth 
which  on  the  posterior  end  become  more  acute  and  slightly  raised ;  obscure  radiat- 
ing lines  occur  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  shell. 

Dimensions. — Co-types  respectively:  length  29  mm.,  18  mm.;  height  26  mm., 
11  mm.;  thickness  8  mm.,  6  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  324  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  the  west  bank  of  Olequah  Creek  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile  north 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS  SOLEN  LINNEAUS 
SOLKN    CI.ARKI   n.    Sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figure  16 

Description. — Shell  large  and  long;  valves  convex;  ventral  and  dorsal  mar- 
gins parallel ;  anterior  end  oblique,  rounded  at  the  base ;  posterior  tip  unknown ; 
a  deep,  anterior  furrow  extends  from  the  umbones  to  the  ventral  margin,  ver- 
tically inclined  to  the  dorsal  and  ventral  margins;  surface  with  fine  concentric 
lines  of  growth  which  extend  parallel  with  the  dorsal  and  ventral  margins  for 
about  two-thirds  of  the  length  of  the  shell  then  turn  abruptly  and  continue  to  the 
<iorsal  margin  at  right  angles  to  the  dorsal  line. 


24  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

This  species  is  like  S.  parailelus  Gabb  in  size  and  in  the  parallel  character  of 
the  dorsal  and  ventral  margins  but  differs  in  the  presence  on  S.  clarki  of  the  deep 
anterior  furrow. 

Named  in  honor  of  Professor  Bruce  L.  Clark  of  the  University  of  California. 

Dimensions. — Length  52  mm.;  height  17  mm.;  thickness  12  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  342  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  above  Inman-Polson  shops, 
Cowlitz  County,  Section  2,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


SoEEN   COI,UMBIx\NUS  n.  Sp. 

Plate  X,  Figure  3 

Description. — Shell  large  and  broad ;  dorsal  region  slightly  convex ;  anterior 
end  sloping  from  the  dorsal  line  at  an  angle  of  25°  turning  more  vertically  at  the 
middle  portion  of  the  shell  and  passing  below  into  the  ventral  margin  at  an  angle 
of  40°  ;  dorsal  line  nearly  straight ;  a  deep,  anterior  sulcus  extends  obliquely  from 
the  beaks  to  the  ventral  margin  parallel  with  the  anterior  margin ;  surface  smooth 
except  for  the  growth  lines  which  are  moderately  conspicuous. 

This  species  differs  from  5*.  clarki  n.  sp.  in  being  less  convex,  higher  and  in 
the  oblique  direction  of  the  anterior  sulcus. 

Dimensions. — Length  45  mm:;  height  21  mm.;  thickness  4  mm. 

Occurrence.- — At  locality  337  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  about  one-half  mile  above  old  dam,  on  west  bank  of  Coal  Creek, 
Cowlitz  County,  Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


genus  CORBULA  BRUGUIERE 

CoRBUEA  DICKERSONI   n.   Sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figures  9,  10 

Corbula  hornii  Dicker  son,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.   Sci.,  Fourth  Series,  Vol.  V, 
No.  3,  pi.  4,  figs.  5  a,  b;  not  Corbula  hornii  Gabb,  1864. 

Description.-- Shell  small,  sub-trigonal  in  outline ;  thick ;  inequilateral,  beaks 
situated  nearer  the  anterior  end ;  beaks  low  and  inconspicuous ;  anterior  dorsal 
end  sloping  from  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  25°  rounding  into  the  ventral  margin; 
ventral  margin  slightly  rounded,  ending  abruptly  in  the  truncated,  posterior  ven- 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  25 

tral  end;  posterior  end  sloping  from  the  dorsal  line  at  an  angle  of  30°,  narrowly 
truncate  at  the  base ;  a  sharp  ridge  extends  from  beaks  to  the  posterior  ventral 
margin ;  valves  very  convex ;  left  valve  tends  to  be  more  pointed  posteriorly  and 
the  ventral  line  less  straight;  surface  ornamented  with  fine,  distinct  concentric 
ribs  with  interspaces  about  half  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  concentric  ribs  terminate  at 
the  umbonal  ridge,  the  area  between  the  ridge  and  the  anterior  margin  smooth 
except  for  lines  of  growth.  Crossing  the  concentric  ribs  there  are  commonly 
threadlike,  radiating  lines  on  the  lower  portion  of  the  shell,  which  extend  from  a 
mid-line  to  the  umbonal  ridge.  These  lines  are  very  fine  and  often  microscopic 
with  very  wide  interspaces  between,  where  they  cross  the  concentric  ribs  they 
give  the  surface  a  cancellated  appearance. 

This  form  differs  from  Corbula  hornii  Gabb  in  being  less  equilateral,  in  the 
anterior  end  being  less  produced  and  the  posterior  end  more  pointed. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Roy  E.  Dickerson  of  the  California  Academy  of 
Sciences,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Dimensions. — Length  12  mm. ;  height  8  mm. ;  thickness  6  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Corbula  stillwaterEnsis  n.  sp. 
Plate  VIII,  Figure  14 

Description. — Shell  large,  sub-ovate ;  rostrate ;  beaks  large  and  prominent ; 
valves  very  convex ;  dorsal  margin  slightly  convex,  anterior  end  rounded ;  ven- 
tral margin  rounded  anteriorly,  sloping  slightly  upward  in  the  region  of  the 
rostrated  posterior  end ;  extreme  margin  of  the  posterior  end  broken ;  dorsal 
margin  concave,  sloping  to  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  40°  ;  shell  thin,  smooth  ex- 
cept for  the  fine  lines  of  growth. 

Dimensions. — Length  22  mm. ;  height  16  mm. ;  thickness  13  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  McClarety  ranch  on  the  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile 
west  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


26  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

PHAENOMYA  new  genus 
Plate  IX,  Figures  6,  7,  8 

Type  Phaenomya  vaderensis  n.  sp. 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size,  trigonal  in  outline ;  equivalve ;  gibbous, 
beaks  high  and)  full ;  anterior  end  rounded ;  posterior  end  produced,  a  slight  ridge 
extends  from  the  umbones  to  the  posterior  ventral  margin ;  right  valve  with  a 
tooth  beneath  the  beak  and  in  front  of  a  wide  and  deep  cartilage  pit ;  in  the  left 
valve  there  is  a  narrow,  deep  socket  which  extends  anteriorly  beneath  the  beak 
and  which  lodges  the  tooth  of  the  right  valve;  behind  the  socket  and  beneath  the 
beak  there  is  a  wide  projecting,  spatulate  cartilage  process  which  fits  into  the  car- 
tilage pit  of  the  right  valve;  posterior  ligamental  area  present,  internal,  widest 
just  behind  the  cartilage  process;  pallial  sinus  very  slight;  valves  not  gaping; 
escutcheon  impressed;  lunule  not  present;  shell  smooth. 

The  absence  of  the  pallial  sinus,  the  character  of  the  tooth  and  socket  of  the 
right  valve  and  the  general  shape  of  shell  are  characters  which  are  like  Corbula, 
the  spatulate  process  of  the  left  valve  is  like  that  of  Mya;  Phaenomya  has  in  ad- 
dition the  deep  groove  or  socket  anterior  to  that  process. 

This  form  is  associated  with  a  fresh  water  fauna  which  includes  Goniobasis 
olequahensis  Arnold  and  Hannibal,  Goniobasis  hannibali  n.  sp.,  Anodonta  arnoldi 
n.  sp.,  Hydrobia  pontis  n.  sp.  and  Viviparus  zvashingtoniana  Arnold  and  Hannibal. 


Phaenomya  vaderensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  IX,  Figures  6,  7,  8 

Description. — Shell  medium  ;  inequilateral,  beaks  situated  about  one-third  of 
the  distance  from  the  anterior  end;  trigonal  in  outline,  very  convex;  beaks  high 
and  prominent ;  anterior  end  concave ;  anterior  margin  sloping  roundly  to  the 
ventral  margin ;  ventral  margin  straight ;  posterior  end  truncate,  passing  into  the 
ventral  margin  at  a  right  angle  and  sloping  to  the  beaks  at  an  angle  of  35°  ;  a 
slight  umbonal  ridge  extends  from  the  beaks  to  the  ventral  margin ;  surface 
smooth  except  for  the  concentric  lines  of  growth. 

Dimensions. — Length  28  mm. ;  height  20  mm. ;  thickness  13  mm. 

Occurrence.- — At  locality  315  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  the  dam  just  below  the  railroad  bridge  at  Vader  on  west  bank  of 
Olequah  Creek  about  one-third  of  a  mile  below  its  junction  with  Stillwater  Creek, 
Lewis  County,  Section  32,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  27 

Gastropoda 

genus  FISSURIDEA  swainson 

Fissuridea  STILL WATKREN sis  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figures  3,  6 

Description.— Shell  medium  in  size,  outline  elliptical ;  apex  situated  a  little 
in  advance  of  the  middle ;  anterior  slope  moderately  steep ;  angle  of  the  posterior 
slope  less  than  that  of  the  anterior ;  surface  ornamented  with  about  28  primary, 
radiating  ribs  between  which  are  ribs  secondary  in  size,  in  most  cases  there  is  a 
third,  smaller,  radiating  rib  between  the  primary  and  secondary  ribs ;  the  alterna- 
tion in  the  size  of  the  ribs  is  most  conspicuous  nearer  the  apex  of  the  shell  and 
on  the  anterior  and  posterior  slopes ;  the  radiating  ribs  are  crossed  by  numerous, 
revolving  lines  which  give  the  shell  a  close,  cancellated  appearance. 

In  size,  shape  and  general  rib  arrangement  this  shell  resembles  Fissuridea 
alabama  (Harris),  (Bull.  Amer.  Pal.  Ill,  No.  11,  p.  102,  pi.  12,  fig.  23,  1899) 
from  the  Sabine  Eocene  of  Alabama,  but  from  which  it  differs  in  having  a  greater 
number  of  primary  ribs  and  in  a  greater  tendency  for  the  intervening  ribs  to  be 
produced  into  secondary  and  tertiary,  there  never  being  more  than  three  smaller 
radiating  ribs  between  the  primaries. 

The  type  locality  for  this  species  is  at  319  on  the  Stillwater  Creek,  Lewis 
County.  An  eroded  specimen  of  this  same  species  was  found  at  locality  347,  on 
Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County.  No  other  species  of  this  genus  has  been  described 
from  the  west  coast  Eocene. 

Dimensions. — Greater  diameter  19  mm.;  lesser  diameter  13  mm.;  altitude  8 
mm.;  apical  angle  113°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (type)  (University  of  Washington  Palaeonto- 
logical  Collection)  McClarety  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one 
mile  west  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2 
West;  locality  347,  back  of  Leybo  place  about  one  mile  below  old  Inman-Polson 
camp,  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  Section  27,  Township  9  North,  Range  3 
West. 


genus  SOLARIELLA  s.  wood 

'SOLARIELLA   OUEQUAHENSIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  XII,  Figures  10,  12 

Description. — Shell  small ;  whorls  five  angulated ;  aperture  round ;  suture  im- 
pressed, slightly  channelled ;  body  whorl  sharply  angulated  at  the  base ;  between 


28  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

the  angle  of  the  whorl  and  the  suture  there  are  two  revolving  ribs  on  the  penulti- 
mate whorl  and  three  revolving  ribs  on  the  body  whorl,  below  the  angle  of  the 
whorl  four  revolving  ribs  occur,  all  cut  by  radiating  striae  which  give  the  sculp- 
ture a  nodose  or  beaded  appearance ;  base  of  the  body  whorl  has  revolving  ribs 
less  pronounced  than  on  the  rest  of  the  shell;  umbilicus  deep,  moderately  wide 
for  the  size  of  the  shell,  interior  and  margin  beaded  by  radiating  striae ;  where 
portions  of  the  outer  layer  of  shell  material  has  been  peeled  off  a  nacreous  inner 
layer  is  revealed. 

Dimensions. — Go-types  measuring  respectively;  altitude  2.25  mm.,  4  mm.; 
width  of  body  whorl  4  mm.,  5.25  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  326  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Olequah  Creek,  back  of  Armstrong  place  about  one-half  mile 
north  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West, 


S0IYARISLLA    CRESCENTENSIS   n.    sp. 

Plate  XII,  Figure  11 

Description. — Shell  small ;  whorls  four,  rounded ;  suture  impressed,  slightly 
channelled ;  aperture  round ;  surface  of  the  whorls  ornamented  with  prominent, 
revolving  ribs  crossed  by  radiating  lines  which  dissect  the  revolving  ridges  into 
nodes  or  beads.  This  sculpture  extends  with  equal  prominence  over  the  whole 
surface  of  the  whorls  and  umbilical  area. 

S.  crescentensis  differs  from  S.  olequahensis  in  the  lesser  angulation  of  the 
whorls  and  in  the  strength  of  the  beaded  sculpture.  The  revolving  ribs  on  the 
base  of  the  body  whorl  of  olequahensis  are  much  smaller  and  less  noticeable  than 
on  the  upper  surface  of  the  whorls  and  they  are  only  crossed  by  faint  lines,  while 
in  S.  crescentensis  the  basal  sculpture  is  as  strongly  developed  as  elsewhere ;  al- 
together in  S.  crescentensis  there  are  eleven,  revolving  ribs  including  the  rib  which 
forms  the  margin  of  the  umbilicus. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  4  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  5  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station,  about  one-fourth  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  R.  R., 
Port  Crescent,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


GENUS  NERITA  ijnne 

Nerita  washingtoniana  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  4 

Description. — Shell  small,  semi-globose ;  spire  minute  absorbed  by  the  body 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  29 

whorl ;  body  whorl  rounded ;  aperture  elliptical ;  outer  and  inner  lip  finely  dentate  ; 
callus  large ;  surface  with  microscopic,  spiral  lines  covered  by  dark  brown,  spiral 
stripes.  The  original  coloration  of  the  bands  is  preserved  in  part  and  their  con- 
tour suggests  that  they  would  apparently  extend  regularly  over  the  surface  of 
the  body  whorl  without  a  zigzag  or  wavy  pattern. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  3  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  3.75  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  in  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  PYRAMIDEIXA  eamarck 

Subgenus  Syrnola  Adams 

Pyramidelea   (Syrnola)   vaderEnsis  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figures  16,  17 

Odostomia  new  species  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  V,  No.  3,  pi. 
5,  fig.  10  a,  b. 

Description. — Shell  small,  slender  and  thin  with  a  maximum:  of  ten  whorls 
which  have  nearly  flat  surfaces;  suture  very  distinct;  surface  smooth  except  for 
numerous,  very  faintly  developed  lines  of  growth ;  base  of  body  whorl  ornamented 
by  six  very  narrow,  moderately  deep,  revolving  grooves  which  do  not  extend  up- 
on the  upper  surface  of  the  whorl;  aperture  entire,  semi-ovate  and  narrow  pos- 
teriorly but  broader  and  rounded  anteriorly.  The  columella  is  characterized  by 
having  one  fold;  outer  lip  with  two  or  three  internal,  spiral  ribs.  These  do  not 
appear  to  be  present  on  the  young  shells. 

This  species  bears  a  resemblance  to  Odostomia  packi  Dickerson  but  differs 
from  that  form  in  having  a  lesser  number  of  whorls,  one  columella  plait  and  in 
the  absence  of  the  strong,  spiral  lines  on  the  body  whorl  as  is  shown  in  the  illus- 
tration of  packi. 

This  shell  was  found  to  be  quite  abundant  at  locality  329.  A  specimen  from 
the  same  locality  was  figured  but  not  described  by  Dr.  Dickerson.  In  size  and 
shape  this  species  is  like  the  one  previously  figured  by  Dickerson.  Since  it  is  from 
the  same  locality  there  is  little  question  as  to  its  identity. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  8  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  2.25  mm. ;  apical  angle 
15°. 

Occurrence.— At  locality  329   (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 


30  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Collection)  west  bank  of  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  EPITON1UM  boeten 

Subgenus  Boreoscaea  Kobelt 

Epitonium   (Boreoscaea)   washingtonensis  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  19 

Description. — Shell  large,  elongate  and  thick;  whorls  eight  or  nine,  convex, 
bulbous  in  shape ;  suture  distinct ;  surface  ornamented  by  about  10  rounded, 
slightly  elevated,  revolving  ribs  with  numerous  finer,  intervening  striae;  the 
revolving  ribs  are  crossed  by  ten  very  strong  varices  which  extend  over  all  the 
whorls,  the  varix  of  each  lower  whorl  overlapping  at  the  suture,  the  correspond- 
ing varix  of  the  succeeding  whorl ;  every  other  varix  thickened ;  all  are  striate 
longitudinally ;  interspaces  about  two  or  three  times  the  width  of  the  varices ;  the 
basal,  spiral  rib  slightly  angulates  the  body  whorl ;  aperture  subovate,  margin 
stoutly  thickened. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  living  representatives  of  the  subgenus  to 
which  this  handsome  shell  belongs  are  all  of  the  boreal  waters. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  35  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  17  mm.;  apical  angle 
30°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  McClarety  ranch  on  the  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile  west 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  in  Section  30,  Township  1 1  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  LITTORINA  ferussac 

LlTTORINA    MOUNTEOEOENSIS    n.    Sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  12 

Description. — Shell  small,  smooth;  apex  acute;  spire  about  one-half  the 
length  of  the  body  whorl;  whorls  six,  sides  straight;  suture  linear  and  only 
minutely  excavated ;  aperture  oval ;  anterior  end  of  outer  lip  not  completely  entire. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  7  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  337    (University  of  Washington   Palaeontological 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  31 

Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one-half  of  a  mile  above  old 
dam,  Section  11,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


genus  CREPIDULA  lamarck 

Crepidui,a  dickersoni  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  2 ;  Plate  XII,  Figure  9 

Crepidula  n.  sp.  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad,  of  Sci.,  Fourth  Series,  vol. 
V,  No.  3  pi.  5,  fig.  6  a,  b. 

Description. — Shell  small  to  medium  in  size;  sub-ovate;  whorls  about  three 
and  smooth  except  for  lines  of  growth;  spire  twisted,  apex  raised  above  the 
margin  of  the  body  whorl;  shell  varies  in  height;  septum  well  developed,  ex- 
tending about  half  the  length  of  the  shell,  outer  half  of  the  margin  of  the 
septum  convex,  inner  half  concave. 

This  shell  is  very  abundant  in  a  lower,  coarse,  sandy  layer  at  locality  329. 
The  most  common  size  of  the  species  is  about  6  mm.  in  length,  the  largest  speci- 
men is  12  mm.  in  length. 

Species  named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Roy  E.  Dickerson  of  the  California  Acad- 
emy of  Sciences,  by  whom  it  was  first  figured,  and  who  has  described  a  large 
number  of  forms  from  this  locality. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  (length)  12  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  10  mm.; 
height  above  base  6  mm.  (These  measurements  were  taken  on  the  largest  speci- 
men. ) 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  the  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
28,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Crepidui.a  stiu,wate;rEnsis  n.  sp. 
Plate  XI,  Figure  24 

Description. — Shell  large  and  globose ;  whorls  two,  smooth ;  anterior  end 
rising  abruptly  and  only  slightly  convex  on  top;  spire  not  twisted;  apex  situated 
just  above  the  margin  of  the  shell ;  body  whorl  elevated. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  15  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  12  mm.;  height  10  mm. 


32  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Occurrence.— At  locality  320  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  the  south  bank  of  Still  water  Creek,  below  the  graveyard,  about 
one  and  one-fourth  miles  from  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11 
North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS  POLINICES   MONTFORT 
POEINICES   HOTSONI   n.    Sp. 

Plate  IX,  Figures  14,  15 

Description. — Shell  large;  spire  short;  suture  distinct  and  appressed;  whorls 
four  in  number ;  upper  surfaces  of  the  whorls  slightly  rounded  to  nearly  straight ; 
smooth  except  for  lines  of  growth ;  body  whorl  very  much  elongated ;  callus  thick, 
sometimes  nearly  covering  the  umbilical  opening;  umbilicus  narrow  and  deep; 
aperture  oblong. 

This  species  is  characterized  by  having  the  body  whorl  strikingly  elevated 
with  an  elongate  rather  narrow  aperture. 

Named  in  honor  of  Professor  Hotson  of  the  Botany  Department,  University 
of  Washington. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  25  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  20  mm. ;  apical  angle 
97°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  370  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  Scattagrece  Falls,  Cowlitz  County,  Southeast  quarter  Section  18, 
Township  9  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS    SINUM    BOI/TEN 
SlNUM   OCCIDENTIS   n.    Sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figures  8,  26 

cf.  Naticina  obliqua  Dickerson,  1915,  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  Fourth  Series,  vol.  V,  No.  3, 
pi.  5,  fig.  5a,  b.    Not  Naticina  obliqua  Gabb  1864. 

Description. — Shell  large,  depressed,  body  whorl  spreading,  spire  low ;  suture 
appressed ;  aperture  distended ;  whorls  three,  sculptured  by  numerous,  spiral 
striae  of  equal  prominence ;  interspaces  about  equal  to  the  width  of  the  striae ; 
basal  portion  of  the  body  whorl  smooth  except  for  the  lines  of  growth  crowding 
at  the  umbilical  area;  umbilicus  slight. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Boccne  of  Washington  33 

This  shell  is  very  much  like  the  figure  of  Naticina  obliqua  Dickerson,  both 
in  size  and  sculpture.  N.  obliqua  Gabb  is  figured  as  much  too  elevated  to  be 
either  our  specimen  or  that  from  the  California  collection  of  Washington  material. 
There  is  no  tendency  shown  on  S.  occidentis  for  alternation  in  size  of  the  spiral 
ribs  as  described  by  Gabb. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  8  mm.;  length  of  body  whorl  15  mm.;  width  of  body 
whorl  12  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  319  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  McClarety  ranch  on  south  bank  of  Stillwater  Creek,  one  mile  west 
of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  30,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS  HYDROBIA  hartmann 
Hydrobia  ponTis  n.  sp. 
Plate  XI,  Figures  9,  11 

Description. — Shell  small  and  fragile ;  sub-conic ;  whorls  about  six,  regularly 
increasing;  suture  distinct;  whorls  angulated  medially,  the  upper  portion  of  the 
whorl  sloping  at  an  angle  of  45°,  the  lower  half  of  the  whorl  at  an  angle  of  20° ; 
growth  lines  prominent,  crossed  by  fine,  revolving  striae,  of  which  the  medial 
are  the  most  pronounced;  the  shell  has  a  nacreous  luster;  aperture  ovate  or 
quadrate;  umbilicus  minute. 

This  little  shell  is  very  abundant,  occurring  in  masses  in  a  coarse  sandstone. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  9  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — Ax  locality  315  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  dam  just  below  the  railroad  bridge  at  Vader,  Lewis  County,  on 
the  west  bank  of  the  Olequah  Creek,  about  one-third  of  a  mile  below  its  junction 
with  the  Stillwater,  Section  32,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  TURRITELLA  lamarck 

TURRITELLA    UVASANA    CONRAD    VAR. 

Plate  XII,  Figure  17 

Turritella  uvasana  Conrad,  1885,  Pac.  R.R.  Rept.,  Vol.  5,  p.  321,  pi.  II,  fig.  12. 
Turrit clla  uvasana  Gabb,  1864,  Geol.  Sur.  Cal.  Pal,  Vol.  I,  p.  134,  pi.  21,  fig.  92. 

Original   Description. — "Subulate,   whorls   with  the    sides   straight      and    oblique   above. 


34  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

rounded  below,  and  having  revolving  striae  with  intermediate  minute  lines ;  striae  near  the 
suture  on  the  upper  part  of  the  whorls  finer  than  the  prominent  lines,  below." 

The  illustration  of  Conrad's  type  shows  a  greater  uniform  convexity  than 
that  described.  Gabb's  figure  shows  the  whorls  to  be  less  rounded.  Conrad  did 
not  mention  the  number  of  revolving  ribs  but  six  or  seven  are  represented  on  his 
illustration.  The  Washington  specimen  is  more  like  the  figure  of  Gabb  in  the 
less  convexity  of  the  whorls.  Nine  revolving  ribs  are  present  with  wide  inter- 
spaces containing  intervening  striae. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  110  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  19  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  in  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


TURRITEXIA  OLEQUAHENSIS  n.  sp. 

Plate  XII,  Figure  15 

Description. — Shell  large;  whorls  14  or  15;  sides  of  the  whorls  straight  with 
an  abrupt,  deep  excavation  just  above  the  suture ;  suture  linear ;  surface  sculp- 
tured with  six,  prominent  revolving  ribs  which  are  equal  in  size  and  have  inter- 
spaces three  times  the  width  of  the  rib;  interspaces  with  fine,  intervening  striae; 
growth  lines  prominent,  very  convex,  sloping  from  the  suture  at  an  angle  of  25° 
as  far  as  the  middle  portion  of  the  whorl  then  passing  to  the  suture  below  at  an 
angle  of  30°. 

Dimensions. — Approximate  altitude  of  shell  120  mm. ;  width  of  lower  whorl 
16  mm. 

Occurrence.— At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  of  the  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


TURRITKU-A   WASHINGTONIANA  n.    Sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figures  13,  14,  16 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size  and  conical  in  outline;  whorls  many, 
straight  to  very  slightly  concave,  sloping  from  the  suture  about  four-fifths  of 
the  length  of  the  whorl  to  the  base  where  it  makes  a  sharp  angle ;  surface  below 
the  angle  beveled ;  suture  moderately  deep,  appressed  surface  of  the  shell  sculp- 
tured with  six,  equal  prominent  revolving  ribs  on  each  whorl  with  interspaces 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  IVashington  35 

equal  to  three  times  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  finer  spiral  lines  occur  on  the  beveled 
area  and  in  the  interspaces ;  on  the  first  eight  or  ten  whorls  of  the  shell,  the 
lower  two  revolving  ribs  are  enlarged  making  a  bicarinate  sculpture ;  on  the 
succeeding  two  or  three  whorls  the  three  lower  revolving  ribs  may  be  enlarged 
while  the  remaining  whorls  will  have  the  six  revolving  ribs  of  equal  prominence. 
Illustrations  have  been  given  to  show  the  rib  development.  (Plate  XI,  Figures 
13,  14,  16).  Figures  13  and  14  are  specimens  of  apical  whorls  which  show  the 
bicarinate  condition.  Figure  16  is  a  specimen  with  both  the  apical  and  lower 
whorls  present.  The  change  from  the  bicarinate  through  the  tricarinate  condition 
to  the  uniform  size  of  all  the  ribs  is  illustrated. 

This  species  has  the  same  number  of  revolving  ribs  as  T.  olequahensis  n.  sp. 
but  differs  from  that  species  in  the  sides  of  the  whorls  being  more  oblique,  and 
the  shell  smaller.  The  ribs  are  sharper  with  the  interspaces  more  concave.  The 
change  in  the  prominence  of  the  revolving  ribs  from  the  apex  to  the  lower  whorls 
may  be  seen  in  many  Turritellas.  Specimens  have  not  been  found  as  yet  which 
can  be  definitely  stated  to  be  the  apical  whorls  of  the  other  species  described 
from  the  Cowlitz  locality  so  that  a  comparison  can  not  be  made. 

Dimensions. — Approximate  altitude  of  shell  45  mm. ;  width  of  lower  whorl 
8  mm. ;  apical  angle  18°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  in  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


TURRITKU.A  VADERENSIS  n.    sp. 

Plate  X,  Figure  19 

Description. — Shell  large ;  sides  of  the  whorls  straight ;  suture  very  ap- 
pressed;  first  revolving  rib  above  the  suture  very  sharp  and  protruding,  below 
this  rib  the  surface  is  beveled  to  concave  and  contains  two  fine  revolving  threads 
with  finer,  microscopic  striae;  in  the  area  above  the  lower,  pronounced  or 
primary  rib,  between  the  rib  and  the  suture  above,  there  are  two  revolving  ribs 
of  secondary  size;  these  ribs  are  smaller  than  the  first  but  are  still  prominent 
and  tend  to  become  nodose;  between  the  lower  secondary  and  the  primary  rib 
below,  there  are  two  spiral  threads,  between  which  are  finer,  spiral  lines ;  between 
the  secondary  ribs,  as  well  as  between  the  upper  secondary  rib  and  the  suture, 
there  is  a  finer  spiral  rib  or  thread;  the  finer  ribs  are  minutely  nodose. 

Dimensions. — Width  of  median  whorl  10  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329   (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 


36  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Collection   )at  bend  in  Cowlitz   River  near  Vader,   Lewis  County,   Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


TurritELLA  vaderEnsis  n.  sp.  var.  kincaidi  n.  var. 
Plate  X,  Figure  17 

Description. — Shell  large ;  number  of  whorls  unknown ;  sides  of  the  whorls 
straight ;  suture  distinct,  linear ;  surface  ornamented  with  revolving  ribs  of 
unequal  size ;  revolving  rib  on  the  lower  portion  of  the  whorl  above  the  suture 
prominent  and  rounded ;  area  below  this  rib  and  the  suture  excavated ;  between 
the  primary  rib  and  the  suture  above  there  are  two  revolving  ribs  of  secondary 
size  between  which  are  smaller  yet  distinct  revolving  ribs ;  between  the  revolving 
ribs  there  are  microscopic  revolving  striae ;  the  ribs  have  the  tendency  to  become 
delicately  nodose;  growth  lines  fine,  very  convex,  swinging  from  the  suture  at 
an  angle  of  20°  to  the  middle  of  the  whorl  and  passing  to  the  suture  below  at 
the  same  angle. 

The  revolving  ribs  and  threads  of  this  shell  have  the  same  arrangement  and 
gradation  in  size  as  that  of  T.  vader ensis  n.  sp.  with  the  same  tendency  to  become 
nodose.  It  differs  from  that  species  in  a  more  rounded  condition  of  the  lower 
portion  of  each  whorl,  with  the  large,  lower,  revolving  rib  wider  and  rounded. 
All  the  revolving  ribs  are  heavier  and  less  delicately  formed.  This  may  be  due 
to  an  older  condition  of  growth. 

Named  in  honor  of  Professor  Trevor  Kincaid  of  the  Zoology  Department, 
University  of  Washington. 

Dimensions. — Width  of  median  whorl  11  mm. 

Occurrence.— At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  in  Cowlitz  River  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS   ERATOPSIS    HOERNES   AND   AURINGER    1880 

Eratopsis  crescentensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  XI,  Figures  10,  22 

Description. — Shell  small,  ob-ovate;  spire  concealed;  columella  region  at- 
tenuated ;  slight  canal ;  aperture  narrow ;  outer  lip  thickened,  crenulated  inter- 
nally ;  surface  ornamented  by  spiral  ribs  which  anastomose  in  the  dorsal  region ; 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  37 

along  the  mid-dorsal  line,  the  ribs  are  interrupted  more  or  less  by  a  shallow 
groove. 

The  sculpture  of  this  shell  is  TVwus-like,  but  the  anterior  attenuation  is  not 
distinctive  of  that  genus.  Dr.  Dall  has  kindly  examined  this  form  and  pointed 
out  its  position  in  the  genus  Hratopsis  Hoernes  and  Auringer.  The  type  of  that 
genus  is  B.  Barrandei  from  the  Miocene  of  Italy.  (Abhand.  der  K.  K.  Geol. 
Reich.  Band  XII,  Heft  I,  p.  63,  pi.  VIII,  Fig.  8,  9,  10).  Cossmann  has  figured 
B.  crenata  Deshayes  from  the  Eocene  of  the  Paris  Basin.  (Essais  Comparree 
p.  183,  pt.  V,  pi.  IX,  figs.  16-17,  1903). 

B.  crescentensis  n.  sp.  shows  a  greater  constriction  of  the  anterior  region 
than  that  of  the  type  of  the  genus. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  6  mm. ;  width  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station,  one- fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point,  Port 
Crescent,  Clallam  county,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


genus  GALEODEA  link 

GalEodea  tuberculata  (Gabb)  var.  crescentensis  n.  var. 

Plate  XI,  Figures  18,  20 

Description. — Shell  of  medium  size,  spire  acute ;  whorls  six ;  suture  ap- 
pressed ;  canal  short,  reflected;  callus  thin,  spreading;  three  small  plications  on 
the  anterior  end  of  the  columella;  aperture  elongate,  outer  lip  thickened  with  a 
groove  along  the  interior  of  the  margin ;  two  rows  of  parallel  tubercles  on  the 
body  whorl,  whorls  of  the  spire  also  tuberculated  with  small  tubercles  which 
occur  in  two  faint  rows ;  entire  surface  of  the  shell  sculptured  by  revolving,  flat, 
imbricating  ribs. 

This  shell  is  like  G.  tuber culata  (Gabb)  in  general  shape  and  the  number  of 
rows  of  tubercles.  It  is  a  smaller  shell  and  carries  the  tubercles  on  the  whorls 
of  the  spire,  which  character  is  not  shown  on  the  figure  of  Gabbs  specimen. 
There  is  no  indication  of  a  vatrix  on  G.  crescentensis  nor  is  the  outer  lip  crenu- 
lated.  This  may  be  due  to  a  worn  condition  of  the  shell.  The  outer  lip  of  G. 
crescentensis  has  a  characteristic  groove  along  the  inner  margin,  which  is  not 
noted  in  the  other  forms. 

Galeodea  tri-tuberculata  (Weaver)  from  the  Cowlitz  fauna  has  three  rows 
of  tubercles  constant  even  in  young  specimens.  It  is  a  stouter  form,  the  callus 
heavier  and  the  canal  longer  and  more  strongly  reflected.  The  sculpture  of 
G.  tri-tuber culata  consists  of  alternating,  large  and  small,  raised  revolving  hnes. 


38  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

The  striatums  in  crescentensis  are  uniform  in  size  and  arranged  in  an  overlapping 
manner  which  is  distinctive.  Figures  23,  27,  plate  XI  are  given  of  G.  tri-tuber- 
culata  for  comparison. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  16  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  11  mm.;  apical  angle 
87°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station  ,one-fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  Railroad, 
Port  Crescent,  Clallam  County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Uon«  g  West. 


genus  COMINELLA  gray 

Comineixa  eocenia  (Weaver) 

Plate  XII,  Figures  5,  6 

Nassa  eocenica  Weaver,  1912,  Bull.  15,  Wash.  Geol.  Sur.,  p.  42,  pi.  Ill,  f.  32. 

Amphissa  eocenica  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad,  of  Sci.,  Fourth  Series,  vol. 
5,  No.  3,  pi.  8,  f.  6  a,  b,  c. 

Original  Description. — "Shell  small  and  fusiform :  spire  moderately  high ;  whorls  eight 
and  convex,  last  two  on  apex  smooth,  rounded  and  without  ornamentation ;  upper  portion 
of  each  whorl  surrounded  by  a  deep  depression,  above  which  a  low  collar  extends  upward  to 
the  suture;  suture  distinct.  Surface  of  shell  ornamented  by  eighteen  longitudinal  ribs  which 
are  very  distinct  on  the  spire  but  faint  on  the  body  whorls;  they  begin  at  the  s/uture  and 
extend  the  length  of  the  whorls  with  the  exception  of  the  body  whorl  where  they  disappear 
a  short  distance  below  the  convex,  portion ;  body  whorl  sculptured  by  eleven  very  prominent 
revolving  ribs;  alternating  with  these  are  eleven  less  prominent  revolving  lines  and  on  either 
side  of  each  of  which  is  a  fine  but  distinct  revolving  thread.  Sculpture  similar  on  the  spire. 
Canal  short  and  fairly  strongly  recurved  ;  aperture  moderately  narrow  and  tapering  towards 
the  end  of  the  canal ;  inner  lip  slightly  incrusted ;  outer  lip  crenulated. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  18  mm.;  diameter  10  mm.;  altitude  of  spire  6  mm.;  angle  of 
spire  57° 

Occurrence. — Very  common  at  Locality  No.  1  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontolog- 
ical Collection)  one  and  one-half  miles  east  of  Sopenah  (Little  Falls)  in  bank  of  Cowlitz 
River,  Lewis  County,  Sec.  27,  T.  11  N.,  R.  2  W. 

Horizon. — Cowlitz  formation,  Upper  Eocene." 

The  presence  of  the  posterior  sinus  as  well  as  the  other  characters  of  the 
shell  places  this  species  in  the  genus  Cominella  as  typified  by  the  recent  species 
Buccinunij  porcatum  Gmelin.  Just  below  the  collar  on  eocenica  there  is  a  deep 
groove  which  causes  the  lower  bordering,  spiral  rib  to  become  slightly  nodose. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  39 

This  species  has  also  been  found  at  localities  329  (type)  323,  324,  and,  337 
(University  of  Washington  Palaeontological  Collection)  in  the  vicinity  of  Vader, 
Lewis  County. 


gknus  UROSALPINX  stimpson 

Urosai,pinx  merriami  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  15 

Description. — Shell  of  medium  size;  whorls  five  and  convex;  suture  ap- 
pressed ;  surface  decorated  with  prominent,  revolving  ribs  possessing  a  width 
about  equal  to  the  interspaces ;  within  the  interspaces  there  are  interstitial  riblets ; 
over  the  surface  of  the  shell  there  are  wide,  rounded,  radiating  ridges,  the  exact 
number  and  extent  can  not  be  determined,  the  species  being  described  from  one 
worn  specimen.  Canal  short,  twisted  outer  lip  dentate ;  aperture  sub-oval ;  a 
slight  umbilicus  present. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  J.  C.  Merriam,  president  of  the  Carnegie  Institution 
of  Washington. 

Dimensions.— Altitude  17  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  9.5  mm. ;  apical  angle 
50°. 

Occurrence. — x\t  locality  336  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  on  Coal  Creek,  Cowlitz  County,  about  one- fourth  mile  above  old 
dam,  Section  10,  Township  8  North,  Range  3  West. 


GENUS  FICOPSIS  CONRAD 

Ficopsis  remondii  (Gabb)  var.  crkscentensis  n.  var. 
Plate  XI,  Figure  14 

Description. — Shell  medium  in  size,  fusiform  and  slender;  spire  low;  whorls 
four  and  angulated  at  the  middle ;  body  whorl  tri-carinated ;  canal  long ;  aperture 
wide  and  elongate;  surface  ornamented  with  delicate  longitudinal  ribs  which  are 
crossed  by  spiral  ribs  of  the  same  size  and  character  which  give  the  shell  a 
cancellated  sculpture. 

This  form  has  the  same  type  of  cancellated  ornamentation  as  Ficopsis  re- 
mondii  Gabb  as  well  as  a  similar  shape  and  character  of  the  aperture.  It  differs 
from  F.  remondii  in  the  pronounced  tri-carination  of  the  body  whorl.  Gabb 
mentions  that  on  some  specimens  of  F.  remondii  three  faint  angles  may  be  seen. 
F.  crescentensis  has  that  character  definitely  developed. 


40  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

This  variety  is  like  F.  hornii  Gabb  and  F.  cowlitzensis  Weaver  in  the  tri- 
angulation  of  the  body  whorl  but  lacks  the  nodose  character  of  the  ribs. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  17  mm.;  width  of  body  whorl  10  mm.;  angle  of 
spire  60°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  Joice  station,  one-fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  Railroad, 
Port  Crescent,  Clallam  County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


GENUS   HARPA    EAMARCK 

Harpa  crESCEntensis  n.  Sp. 
Plate  XI,  Figure  21 

Description. — Shell  small  and  globose ;  whorls  five,  apex  minute ;  body  whorl 
inflated ;  spire  short,  whorls  broad  and  rounded ;  suture  distinct  slightly  im- 
pressed; inner  lip  smooth,  canal  moderately  elongate,  slightly  notched  at -the 
anterior  end ;  aperture  oblong ;  surface  of  the  body  whorl  ornamented  with  sharp, 
lamellar,  curved,  longitudinal  ribs  with  interspaces  equal  to  about  three  times 
the  width  of  the  ribs ;  the  longitudinal  ribs  extend  from  the  suture  line  to  the 
lower  portion  of  the  whorl  where  they  curve  and  fold  into  the  callus  on  the 
columella;  the  longitudinal  ribs  are  present  but  only  faintly  developed  on  the 
whorls  of  the  spire;  faint,  revolving  striae  occur  on  the  upper  portion  of  the 
body  whorl  which  on  the  lower  region  of  the  shell  become  conspicuous,  these  ribs 
are  separated  by  spaces  about  twice  the  width  of  the  rib. 

In  generic  classification  this  species  is  nearest  to  the  group  of  Harpa  repre- 
sented by  Harpa  mutica  Lamarck  of  the  Eocene  of  the  Paris  Basin. 

Dimensions. — Length  6  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  3.5  mm. ;  apical  angle  65°, 

Occurrence. — At  locality  358  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  Joice  station,  one-fourth  of  a  mile  east  of  Tongue  Point  Railroad. 
Port  Crescent,  Clallam  County,  Section  22,  Township  31  North,  Range  8  West. 


GENUS  ADMETE  KROYER 

Subgenus  boneeeitia  jousseaume 

Admete  (Bonellitia)  stantoni  (Dickerson) 

Plate  XI,  Figures  1,  5 

Cancellaria  stantoni  Dickerson,  1913,  Univ.  Cal.  Pub.,  Geol.,  vol.  7,  No.  12,  p. 
282,  pi.  12,  fig.  2  a,  b;  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  Fourth  Series, 
vol.  V,  No.  3,  p.  49. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  41 

Original  description. — "Shell,  small,  with  five  whorls,  the  first  two,  turbinate,  smooth; 
the  third  whorl  is  cancellated  by  ten  or  twelve  ribs.  About  every  fourth  rib  is  enlarged. 
These  heavy  ribs  are  well  rounded  on  the  fourth  and  fifth  whorls  and  are  more  oblique 
than  those  on  the  third.  They  extend  from  an  indistinct,  irregular  suture  over  the  entire 
whorl.  Strong  revolving  ribs  with  finer  riblets  also  decorate  this  beautiful  little  shell. 
Mouth,  sub-oval;  outer  lip  thickened,  rounded,  and  crenulated  on  interior.  Columella 
marked  by  three  strong  plaits,  the  posterior  one  being  the  strongest.  Canal  short  and  very 
slightly  notched. 

Dimensions. — Length,  12  mm.;  width  of  body-whorl,  6  mm." 

The  type  locality  of  this  species  is  on  the  west  side  of  Marysville  Buttes, 
California  (University  of  California,  Locality  1853).  Dr.  Dickerson  also  states 
that  a  specimen  was  found  near  Fort  Tejon,  California,  and  he  later  lists  it  from 
south  of  Mount  Diablo,  the  Coalinga  District,  and  San  Diego. 

In  Washington  it  occurs  abundantly  at  locality  329,  on  the  Cowlitz  River, 
and  also  from  several  other  localities  in  the  western  part  of  the  state. 

After  careful  examination,  the  specimens  from  Washington  appear  to  be 
the  same  as  the  California  species.  The  majority  of  the  northern  specimens 
attain  a  larger  size  than  that  given  for  the  type  in  California.  The  adult  specimens 
have  from  10  to  12  longitudinal  ribs  on  the  body  whorl.  The  younger  and  more 
immature  shells  possessing  an  average  altitude  of  10  mm.  have  from  14  to  16 
longitudinal  ribs  on  the  body  whorl.  These  ribs  on  the  younger  forms  are  not 
as  well  developed  in  size  and  character  as  on  the  more  mature  specimens.  Every 
fourth  rib  may  or  may  not  become  enlarged  into  a  varix.  Other  characters  are 
as  described  by  Dickerson  for  the  species  stantoni. 

As  far  as  the  details  of  the  shell  are  concerned  A.  stantoni  shows  a  very 
close  resemblance  to  Admete  evulsa  (Solander)  from  the  Bartonian  of  England, 
and  the  Paris  Basin.  Illustration  PI.  XI  fig.  7  has  been  inserted  for  comparison. 
The  nearest  noticeable  difference  between  the  two  species  is  the  absence  in  A. 
evulsa  of  finer,  interstitial  threads  between  the  larger  revolving  ribs. 

A  comparison  made  with  specimens  of  Admete  tortiplica  (Conrad)  in  the 
Paleontological  collections  at  Cornell  University  from  the  Sabine  Eocene  of 
Wood's  Bluff,  Alabama,  show  somewhat  a  close  relationship.  A.  tortiplica  shows 
considerable  variation  in  the  sculpture  of  the  revolving  ribs  and  threads.  Some 
possess  the  ribs  without  the  intervening  threads  as  in  the  case  of  A.  evulsa,  while 
other  specimens  have  the  threads  well  developed  as  in  the  case  of  A.  stantoni. 
The  sculpture  on  A.  tortiplica  is  much  stronger  and  sharper  than  on  A.  evulsa 
or  A.  stantoni  and  the  whorls  are  less  ventricose. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  18  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  10  mm. ;  apical  angle 
55°.     (Measurements  taken  on  a  large  specimen.) 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  west  bank  of  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 


42  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  locality  321,  on  Booth  ranch,  two  and  one- 
fourth  miles  up  Stillwater  Creek  from  its  junction  with  the  Olequah,  Section  25, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  locality  322  on  small  creek  about  one-third 
of  a  mile  from  its  junction  with  Brinn  Creek,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section 
24,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West;  locality  326  on  Olequah  Creek  about 
one-half  of  a  mile  north  of  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  29,  Township  11  North, 
Range  2  West.     (Specimen  figured  from  329.) 


genus  GEMMULA  WIENKAUFF 

Gemmuea  fasteni  n.  sp. 

Plate  XII,  Figure  1,  4 

Turris  New  species  Dickerson  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  Fourth  Series,  Vol.  V,  No.  3, 
pi.  10,  f.  5. 

Description. — Shell  small  and  slender ;  whorls  nine ;  nuclear  whorls  three, 
smooth;  suture  appressed;  whorls  angulated  by  a  central,  spiral  carina  which  is 
formed  by  two  close,  fine,  revolving  ribs  upon  which  occur  numerous  delicate 
nodes.  The  whorls  of  the  spire  carry  about  three  spiral  ribs  below  the  carina 
and  about  five  or  six  above,  the  body  whorl  has  from  10  to  12  ribs  below  the 
carina ;  longitudinal  sculpture  consists  only  of  growth  striae,  the  sinuosity  of 
which  occurs  at  the  carina,  in  the  middle  region  of  the  whorl ;  canal  short ;  aper- 
ture sub-ovate. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Nathan  Fasten,  professor  of  Zoology  in  the  Oregon 
Agricultural  College,  at  Corvallis,  Oregon. 

Dimensions. — Altiude  12  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  of  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  CLATHRODRILLIA  daee 

Subgenus  monieiopsis  conrad 

Clathrodrieeia  (monjeiopsis)  fryei  n.  sp. 

Plate  XI,  Figure  25 

Description. — Shell  small  and  slender  with  seven  whorls,  the  last  two  of 
which  are  smooth ;  sides  of  whorls  nearly  straight  but  slightly  concave  at  the 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  43 

suture;  canal  short,  wide;  aperture  subovate;  suture  appressed;  sutural  band  on 
the  upper  portion  of  whorl  bounded  below  by  a  depression;  the  sutural  sinus, 
formed  by  the  lines  of  growth,  makes  at  the  lower  margin  of  the  sutural  band  a 
reentrant  curve  at  an  angle  of  approximately  50° ;  whorls  decorated  by  seven 
revolving  lines,  with  19  on  the  body  whorl ;  the  spiral  lines  are  crossed  by  12  or 
13  longitudinal  ribs  which  follow  the  curves  of  the  growth  lines,  these  ribs  con- 
tinue over  the  length  of  the  whorls  of  the  spire  but  are  only  slightly  developed 
on  the  body  whorl,  becoming  obsolete  on  the  lower  region  of  that  whorl. 

The  sculpture  of  this  shell  is  more  like  that  of  some  of  the  recent  West 
Coast  species  which  Dr.  Dall  calls  Moniliopsis  than  like  that  of  the  Eocene  type 
Pleurotoma  elaborate  Conrad  which  is  beautifully  and  profoundly  cancellated.  In 
shape,  position  of  the  sinus  of  the  longitudinal  striae,  and  the  character  of  the 
aperture  and  canal,  fryei  has  the  characteristics  of  typical  Moniliopsis. 

Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  T.  C.  Frye  of  the  Botanical  Department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Washington. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  7.5  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  2  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection),  at  bend  in  the  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  1 1  North,  Range  2  West. 


GENUS  CONUS  UNNEAUS 

Conus  vaderensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  XII,  Figures  7,  8 

Conus  hornii  Weaver,   1912,  Wash.  Geol.   Sur.,  Bull.   15,  pi.   11,   fig.   17;  not 
Conus  hornii  Gabb,  1864. 

Conus  remondii  Dickerson,  1915,  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  vol.  V,  No.  3,  pi.  11,  fig.  7; 
not  C.  remondii  Gabb,  1864. 

Description. — Shell  of  medium  size,  biconical ;  whorls  four  to  five  with  three 
to  four  smooth,  apical  whorls  which  are  very  pointed;  suture  appressed;  area 
between  the  suture  and  the  shoulder  of  the  whorls  concave  and  sculptured  with 
fine,  curved  striae ;  shoulder  decorated  with  16  or  18  nodes ;  body  whorl  covered 
with  revolving,  microscopically,  raised  ribs  crossed  by  longitudinal  lines.  The 
spiral  ribs  or  lines  are  better  developed  on  the  posterior  region  of  the  whorl; 
aperture  long  and  narrow  with  parallel  sides. 

This  shell  is  close  to  C.  remondii  Gabb.  Gabb  states  that  the  sides  of  the 
whorls  are  straight  and  regularly  conical.  His  illustration  bears  out  this  charac- 
teristic.    The  sides  of  the  whorls  of  C.  vaderensis  are  concave.     The  general 


44  University  of  Washington  Publications  in  Geology  [Vol.  I 

appearance  of  this  species  is  somewhat  similar  to  C.  cowlitzensis  Weaver,  but 
the  spire  of  both  young  and  mature  individuals  of  C.  vaderensis  is  only  about 
one-half  that  of  C.  cowlitzensis.  The  former  possesses  also  a  characteristically 
greater  diameter. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  of  shell  29  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  12  mm. ;  apical 
angle  60°. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  329  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  bend  of  Cowlitz  River,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Section  28, 
Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


genus  GONIOBASIS  lea 

GONIOBASIS  HANNIBALI  n.  sp. 

Plate  XII,  Figures  2,  3 

Description. — Shell  medium,  thin  and  polished;  elongate-conic  in  shape; 
whorls  probably  eight,  specimens  usually  broken  at  fourth  or  fifth  whorl ;  sides 
of  the  whorls  very  slightly  convex;  suture  linear;  aperture  subovate,  produced 
below,  not  sinuated  but  widely  united  at  the  anterior  end.  Surface  ornamented 
with  from  sixteen  to  twenty  vertical  ridges  or  plications  which  are  developed 
in  parallel  waves  over  all  the  whorls ;  crossing  the  longitudinal  ribs  there  are 
usually  six  spiral  lines  or  ribs  with  interspaces  half  their  width;  at  the  inter- 
section of  the  vertical  and  spiral  ribs  fine  nodes  are  produced  which  give  the  long- 
itudinal ridges  a  beaded  appearance ;  the  vertical  riblets  do  not  continue  over  the 
basal  portion  of  the  body  whorl,  that  region  ornamented  by  spiral  lines  only. 

The  decoration  of  this  shell  is  extremely  variable.  The  extreme  form 
in  sculpture  has  been  taken  for  the  type  of  the  species.  Goniobasis  olequahensis 
(Arnold  and  Hannibal)  represents  the  smooth  type  of  shell.  A  large  amount  of 
material  collected  of  this  species  contains  specimens  of  all  stages  of  sculptural 
development.  The  smooth  shells  reveal  on  the  lower  whorls  only  fine  wavy, 
oblique  lines ;  many  shells  have  oblique,  longitudinal,  plications  on  the  nuclear 
whorls  which  may  be  absent  on  the  lower  whorls.  The  occurrence  of  the  spiral 
ribs  is  not  definite,  they  may  occur  on  one  whorl  and  not  on  the  others ;  they  may 
be  present  on  the  upper  portion  of  a  whorl  or  whorls,  or  they  may  occur  only  on 
a  portion  of  one  or  several  whorls.  The  occurrence  of  the  spiral  band  or  line  just 
below  the  suture  is  not  a  constant  character,  and  on  the  lower  portion  of  the  body 
whorl  there  may  or  may  not  be  a  set  of  spiral  lines.  The  figured  specimens  of  this 
species  (PI.  XII  Figs.  2,  3)  illustrate  a  difference  in  sculpture.  The  collection 
contains  specimens  which  show  transition  stages  between  the  two  types  of  shell 
as  illustrated. 


1922]  Fauna  from  the  Eocene  of  Washington  45 

Pachychilus  drakei  Arnold  and  Hannibal  has  the  pattern  of  sculpture  similar 
to  that  of  this  form,  but  the  plications  in  that  species  are  fewer.  Arnold  and 
Hannibal's  species  were  collected  at  the  same  locality  as  G.  hannibaii  n.  sp. 

This  species  as  well  as  Ambloxus  olequahensis  Arnold  and  Hannibal  has 
been  determined  by  Dr.  H.  A.  Pilsbry  as  belonging-  to  the  genus  Goniobasis  of  the 
group  G.  plicifera  Lea. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  18  mm.  (measurements  taken  of  5  whorls)  ;  width 
of  body  whorl  7  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  localities  315,  316,  and  317  (University  of  Washington 
Palaeontological  Collection)  on  Olequah  Creek,  near  Vader,  Lewis  County,  Sec- 
tion 20,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


Goniobasis  olkquahensis  n.  sp. 
Plate  XI,  Figure  13 

Description. — Shell  small  and  elongate;  whorls  five  or  six;  whorls  rounded; 
suture  distinct,  appressed;  surface  ornamented  with  eleven  longitudinal,  prom- 
inent ribs  with  interspaces  three  times  the  width  of  the  ribs ;  the  ribs  are  curved 
and  increase  in  size  at  the  middle  point  of  the  whorl  where  they 
tend  to  become  pointed ;  on  the  whorls  of  the  spire  the  longitudinal  ridges 
may  be  crossed  just  above  the  suture  with  one  prominent  revolving  rib ;  on  the 
body  wrhorl  there  are  about  eight  pronounced  revolving  ribs  which  occur  on  the 
lower  half  of  the  whorl  and  extend  to  the  base  of  the  whorl ;  aperture  ovate, 
entire ;  fine  microscopic  growth  lines  may  be  seen  between  the  longitudinal  ridges. 

Dimensions. — Altitude  9  mm. ;  width  of  body  whorl  4  mm. 

Occurrence. — At  locality  315  (University  of  Washington  Palaeontological 
Collection)  at  the  dam  below  railroad  bridge  on  Olequah  Creek  about  one-third 
of  a  mile  below  the  junction  of  Olequah  and  Stillwater  Creeks,  near  Vader, 
Lewis  County,  Section  32,  Township  11  North,  Range  2  West. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  VIII 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size  unless  otherwise  stated 

Fig.     1.  Area  columbiana  n.  sp. p.     8 

Fig.     2.  Glycymeris  kelsoensis  n.  sp p.  11 

Fig.     3.  Cardium  oldroydi  n.  sp p.  20 

Fig.     4.  Barbatia  landesi  n.  sp p.     9 

Fig.     5.  Glycymeris  sagittata  Gabb  var.  dickcrsoni  n.  var p.  10 

Fig.     6.  Barbatia  suzzalloi  n.  sp p.     8 

Fig.     7.  Modiolus  columbianus  n.  sp - p.   17 

Fig.     8.  Acila  Stillwater  ensis  n.  sp.  x  5 p.     6 

Fig.     9.  Barbatia  cowlitzensis  n.  sp — p.     9 

Fig.  10.  Glycymeris  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  11 

Fig.   11.  Cardium   oldroydi  n.    sp.   p.  20 

Fig.  12.  Glycymeris  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x2 p.  11 

Fig.  13.  Lima  packardi  n.  sp.  x  5 p.  14 

Fig.  14.  Corbula  Stillwater  ensis  n.   sp p.  25 

Fig.  15.  Ostrea  columbiana  n.  sp.,  Locality  340 p.  13 

Fig.  16.  Ostrea  columbiana  n.  sp.,  Locality  325 p.  13 


[46] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver  and  Palmer]  Vol.  I,  PI.  8 


[47] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  IX 

All   figures   approximately  natural   size 

Fig.     1.     Cr  as  satellites  Stillwater ensis  n.  sp p.  18 

Fig.     2.     Crassatellites  stillwaterensis  n.  sp p.  18 

Fig.     3.     Modiolus  olequahensis  n.  sp p.  15 

Fig.     4.     Venericardia  clarki  n.  sp.  Young  specimen p.  19 

Fig.     5.     Venericardia  clarki  n.  sp p.  19 

Fig.     6.     Phaenomya  vaderensis  n.  sp p.  26 

Fig.     7.     Phaenomya  vaderensis  n.  sp p.  26 

Fig.     8.     Phaenomya  vaderensis  n.  sp p.  26 

Fig.     9.     Corbula  dickersoni  n.  sp p.  24 

Fig.  10.     Corbula  dickersoni  n.  sp p.  24 

Fig.   11.     Psammobia  olequahensis  n.  sp p.  23 

Fig.  12.     Psammobia  olequahensis  n.  sp.__-- p.  23 

Fig.  13.     Mytilus  stillwaterensis  n.  sp p.  15 

Fig.  14.     Polinices  hotsoni  n.  sp p.  32 

Fig.  15.     Polinices  hotsoni  n.  sp p.  32 

Fig.  16.     Solen  clarki  n.  sp p.  23 

Fig.  17.     Modiolus  olequahensis  n.  sp p.  15 

Fig.  18.     Psammobia  cowlitzensis  n.  sp p.  22 

Fig.  19.     Modiolus  cowlitzensis  n.  sp p.  16 


[48] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver  and  Palmer]  Vol.  1,  PL  9 


[49] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  X 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size  unless  otherwise  stated 

Fig.     1.     Macrocallista  williamsoni  n.  sp — p.  21 

Fig.     2.     Yoldia  duprei  n.  sp p.     7 

Fig.     3.     Solen  columbianus  n.  sp p.  24 

Fig.     4.     Leda  cowlitzensis  n.  sp p.     6 

Fig.     5.     Pteria  clarki  n.  sp — p.  12 

Fig.     6.     Pitaria  stocki  n.  sp. p.  20 

Fig.     7.     Yoldia  duprei  n.  sp. p.     7 

Fig.     8.     V  enericardia  clarki  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  19 

Fig.     9.     V enericardia  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  2 p.   19 

Fig.   10.     Anodonta  amoldi  n.  sp. p.   14 

Fig.   11.     Macrocallista  williamsoni  n.  sp. p.  21 

Fig.  12.     Pteria  clarki  n.  sp. p.  12 

Fig.  13.     Modiolus  kelsoensis  n.   sp.  p.  17 

Fig.   14.     Pitaria  eocenica  n.  sp. p.  20 

Fig.  15.     Pteria  clarki  n.  sp. P-  12 

Fig.   16.     Pitaria  eocenica  n.  sp. P-  20 

Fig.  17.     Turritella  vaderensis  n.  sp.  var.  kincaidi  n.  var p.  36 

Fig.  18.     Psammobia  columbiana  n.  sp. p.  22 

Fig.  19.     Turritella  vaderensis  n.  sp. P-  35 


[50] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver  and  Palmer]  Vol.  I,  PL  10 


[51] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XI 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size  unless  otherwise  stated 

Fig.     1.     Admete  siantoni  (Dickerson)   p.  40 

Fig.     2.     Crepidula  dickersoni  n.  sp. p.  31 

Fig.     3.     Fissuridea  stillwaierensis  n.  sp. p.  27 

Fig.     4.     Nerita  washing  toniana  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  28 

Fig.     5.     Admete  stantoni  (Dickerson)   p.  40 

Fig.     6.     Fissuridea  Stillwater  en  sis  n.  sp.     Apical  view  __' p.  27 

Fig.     7.  Admete  evulsa  (Solander)  Specimen  from  the  Paris  Basin. 

(Cornell  University  Museum  Collection) p.  41 

Fig.     8.     Sinum  occidentis  n.  sp. p.  32 

Fig.     9.     Hydrobia  pontis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  33 

Fig.   10.     Eratopsis  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  36 

Fig.   11.     Hydrobia  pontis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  33 

Fig.  12.     Littorina  mountsoloensis  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  30 

Fig.  13.     Goniobasis  olequahensis  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  45 

Fig.   14.     Ficopsis  remondii  (Gabb)  var.  crescentensis  n.  var p.  39 

Fig.  15.     Urosalpinx  merriami  n.  sp. p.  39 

Fig.  16.     Syrnola  vaderensis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  29 

Fig.  17.     Syrnola  vaderensis  n.  sp.  x  3  Another  specimen p.  29 

Fig.   18.     Galeodea  tuber culata  Gabb  var.  crescentensis  n.  var. p.  37 

Fig.   19.     Epitonium  washingtonensis  n.  sp p.  30 

Fig.  20.     Galeodea  tuber  culata  Gabb  var.  crescentensis  n.  var. to.  37 

Fig.  21.     Harpa  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  40 

Fig.  22.     Eratopsis  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  36 

Fig.  23.     Galeodea  tri-tuber culata    (Weaver)    p.  37 

Fig.  24.     Crepidula  Stillwater ensis  n.  sp. P-  31 

Fig.  25.     Moniliopsis  fryei  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  42 

Fig.  26.     Sinum  occidentis  n.  sp. P-  32 

Fig.  27.     Galeodea  tri-tuberculata   (Weaver)    p.  37 


[52] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver  and  Palmer]  Vol.  I,  PI.  11 


[53] 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XII 

All  figures  approximately  natural  size  unless  otherwise  stated 

Fig.  1.     Gemmula  fasteni  n.  sp.  x  2 p.  42 

Fig.  2.     Goniobasis  hannibali  n.  sp. p.  44 

Fig.  3.     Goniobasis  hannibali  n.  sp.  Smooth  specimen p.  44 

Fig.  4.     Gemmula  fasteni  n.  sp.  x  3  p.  42 

Fig.  5.     Cominella  eocenica  (Weaver)  Specimen  from  Locality  329 p.  38 

Fig.     6.     Cominella  eocenica  (Weaver)     Another  specimen 

showing  aperture,  Locality  329 . p.  3& 

Fig.  7.  Conus  vaderensis  n.  sp. p.  43 

Fig.  8.  Conus  vaderensis  n.  sp.  p.  43 

Fig.  9.  Crepidula  dickersoni  n.  sp. p.  31 

Fig.  10.  Solariella  olequahensis  n.  sp.  x  5 p.  2/ 

Fig.  11.  Solariella  crescentensis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  28 

Fig.  12.  Solariella  olequahensis  n.  sp.  x  3 p.  27 

Fig.  13.  Turritella  washing toniana  n.  sp.  Apical  whorls p.  34 

Fig.  14.     Turritella  washingtoniana  n.  sp.  Apical  whorls  of 

another  specimen p.  34 

Fig.  15.     Turritella  olequahensis  n.  sp.   p.  34 

Fig.  16.     Turritella  washingtoniana  n.  sp. p.  34 

Fig.  17.     Turritella  uvasana  Conrad  var. p.  33 


[54] 


Univ.  of  Wash.  Publ.  in  Geol. 


[Weaver  and  Palmer]  Vol.  I,  Pi.  12 


[55] 


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